release: 1.13.1

Co-authored-by: Elias Schneider <login@eliasschneider.com>

.github/workflows/backend-linter.yml

@@ -24,10 +24,10 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5
 
       - name: Set up Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v6
         with:
           go-version-file: backend/go.mod
 

.github/workflows/build-next.yml

@@ -19,24 +19,20 @@ jobs:
       attestations: write
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5
 
       - name: Setup pnpm
         uses: pnpm/action-setup@v4
-        with:
-          version: 10
 
       - name: Setup Node.js
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v5
         with:
           node-version: 22
-          cache: 'pnpm'
-          cache-dependency-path: pnpm-lock.yaml
 
       - name: Setup Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v6
         with:
-          go-version-file: 'backend/go.mod'
+          go-version-file: "backend/go.mod"
 
       - name: Set up QEMU
         uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
@@ -76,7 +72,7 @@ jobs:
           platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64
           push: true
           tags: ${{ env.DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME }}:next
-          file: Dockerfile-prebuilt
+          file: docker/Dockerfile-prebuilt
       - name: Build and push container image (distroless)
         uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
         id: container-build-push-distroless
@@ -85,16 +81,16 @@ jobs:
           platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64
           push: true
           tags: ${{ env.DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME }}:next-distroless
-          file: Dockerfile-distroless
+          file: docker/Dockerfile-distroless
       - name: Container image attestation
         uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@v2
         with:
-          subject-name: '${{ env.DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME }}'
+          subject-name: "${{ env.DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME }}"
           subject-digest: ${{ steps.build-push-image.outputs.digest }}
           push-to-registry: true
       - name: Container image attestation (distroless)
         uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@v2
         with:
-          subject-name: '${{ env.DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME }}'
+          subject-name: "${{ env.DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME }}"
           subject-digest: ${{ steps.container-build-push-distroless.outputs.digest }}
           push-to-registry: true

.github/workflows/e2e-tests.yml

@@ -3,15 +3,15 @@ on:
   push:
     branches: [main]
     paths-ignore:
-      - 'docs/**'
-      - '**.md'
-      - '.github/**'
+      - "docs/**"
+      - "**.md"
+      - ".github/**"
   pull_request:
     branches: [main]
     paths-ignore:
-      - 'docs/**'
-      - '**.md'
-      - '.github/**'
+      - "docs/**"
+      - "**.md"
+      - ".github/**"
 
 jobs:
   build:
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ jobs:
       actions: write
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
 
       - name: Set up Docker Buildx
         uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@ jobs:
       - name: Build and export
         uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
         with:
+          context: .
+          file: docker/Dockerfile
           push: false
           load: false
           tags: pocket-id:test
@@ -45,24 +47,27 @@ jobs:
           path: /tmp/docker-image.tar
           retention-days: 1
 
-  test-sqlite:
+  test:
     if: github.event.pull_request.head.ref != 'i18n_crowdin'
     permissions:
       contents: read
       actions: write
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     needs: build
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        db: [sqlite, postgres]
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+
       - name: Setup pnpm
         uses: pnpm/action-setup@v4
-        with:
-          version: 10
-      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+
+      - name: Setup Node.js
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v5
         with:
           node-version: 22
-          cache: 'pnpm'
-          cache-dependency-path: pnpm-lock.yaml
 
       - name: Cache Playwright Browsers
         uses: actions/cache@v3
@@ -70,100 +75,8 @@ jobs:
         with:
           path: ~/.cache/ms-playwright
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-playwright-${{ hashFiles('pnpm-lock.yaml') }}
-          restore-keys: |
-            ${{ runner.os }}-playwright-
-
-      - name: Download Docker image artifact
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
-        with:
-          name: docker-image
-          path: /tmp
-
-      - name: Load Docker image
-        run: docker load -i /tmp/docker-image.tar
-
-      - name: Cache LLDAP Docker image
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
-        id: lldap-cache
-        with:
-          path: /tmp/lldap-image.tar
-          key: lldap-stable-${{ runner.os }}
-
-      - name: Pull and save LLDAP image
-        if: steps.lldap-cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
-        run: |
-          docker pull nitnelave/lldap:stable
-          docker save nitnelave/lldap:stable > /tmp/lldap-image.tar
-
-      - name: Load LLDAP image from cache
-        if: steps.lldap-cache.outputs.cache-hit == 'true'
-        run: docker load < /tmp/lldap-image.tar
-
-      - name: Install test dependencies
-        run: pnpm --filter pocket-id-tests install --frozen-lockfile
-
-      - name: Install Playwright Browsers
-        working-directory: ./tests
-        if: steps.playwright-cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
-        run: pnpm dlx playwright install --with-deps chromium
-
-      - name: Run Docker Container with Sqlite DB and LDAP
-        working-directory: ./tests/setup
-        run: |
-          docker compose up -d
-          docker compose logs -f pocket-id &> /tmp/backend.log &
-
-      - name: Run Playwright tests
-        working-directory: tests
-        run: pnpm exec playwright test
-
-      - name: Upload Test Report
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
-        if: always() && github.event.pull_request.head.ref != 'i18n_crowdin'
-        with:
-          name: playwright-report-sqlite
-          path: tests/.report
-          include-hidden-files: true
-          retention-days: 15
-
-      - name: Upload Backend Test Report
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
-        if: always() && github.event.pull_request.head.ref != 'i18n_crowdin'
-        with:
-          name: backend-sqlite
-          path: /tmp/backend.log
-          include-hidden-files: true
-          retention-days: 15
-
-  test-postgres:
-    if: github.event.pull_request.head.ref != 'i18n_crowdin'
-    permissions:
-      contents: read
-      actions: write
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    needs: build
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Setup pnpm
-        uses: pnpm/action-setup@v4
-        with:
-          version: 10
-      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
-        with:
-          node-version: 22
-          cache: 'pnpm'
-          cache-dependency-path: pnpm-lock.yaml
-
-      - name: Cache Playwright Browsers
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
-        id: playwright-cache
-        with:
-          path: ~/.cache/ms-playwright
-          key: ${{ runner.os }}-playwright-${{ hashFiles('pnpm-lock.yaml') }}
-          restore-keys: |
-            ${{ runner.os }}-playwright-
-
       - name: Cache PostgreSQL Docker image
+        if: matrix.db == 'postgres'
         uses: actions/cache@v3
         id: postgres-cache
         with:
@@ -171,15 +84,14 @@ jobs:
           key: postgres-17-${{ runner.os }}
 
       - name: Pull and save PostgreSQL image
-        if: steps.postgres-cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
+        if: matrix.db == 'postgres' && steps.postgres-cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
         run: |
           docker pull postgres:17
           docker save postgres:17 > /tmp/postgres-image.tar
 
       - name: Load PostgreSQL image from cache
-        if: steps.postgres-cache.outputs.cache-hit == 'true'
+        if: matrix.db == 'postgres' && steps.postgres-cache.outputs.cache-hit == 'true'
         run: docker load < /tmp/postgres-image.tar
-
       - name: Cache LLDAP Docker image
         uses: actions/cache@v3
         id: lldap-cache
@@ -196,7 +108,6 @@ jobs:
       - name: Load LLDAP image from cache
         if: steps.lldap-cache.outputs.cache-hit == 'true'
         run: docker load < /tmp/lldap-image.tar
-
       - name: Download Docker image artifact
         uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
         with:
@@ -207,14 +118,21 @@ jobs:
         run: docker load -i /tmp/docker-image.tar
 
       - name: Install test dependencies
-        run: pnpm --filter pocket-id-tests install
+        run: pnpm --filter pocket-id-tests install --frozen-lockfile
 
       - name: Install Playwright Browsers
         working-directory: ./tests
         if: steps.playwright-cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
-        run: pnpm dlx playwright install --with-deps chromium
+        run: pnpm exec playwright install --with-deps chromium
+      - name: Run Docker Container (sqlite) with LDAP
+        if: matrix.db == 'sqlite'
+        working-directory: ./tests/setup
+        run: |
+          docker compose up -d
+          docker compose logs -f pocket-id &> /tmp/backend.log &
 
-      - name: Run Docker Container with Postgres DB and LDAP
+      - name: Run Docker Container (postgres) with LDAP
+        if: matrix.db == 'postgres'
         working-directory: ./tests/setup
         run: |
           docker compose -f docker-compose-postgres.yml up -d
@@ -228,8 +146,8 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         if: always() && github.event.pull_request.head.ref != 'i18n_crowdin'
         with:
-          name: playwright-report-postgres
-          path: frontend/tests/.report
+          name: playwright-report-${{ matrix.db }}
+          path: tests/.report
           include-hidden-files: true
           retention-days: 15
 
@@ -237,7 +155,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         if: always() && github.event.pull_request.head.ref != 'i18n_crowdin'
         with:
-          name: backend-postgres
+          name: backend-${{ matrix.db }}
           path: /tmp/backend.log
           include-hidden-files: true
           retention-days: 15

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ name: Release
 on:
   push:
     tags:
-      - 'v*.*.*'
+      - "v*.*.*"
 
 jobs:
   build:
@@ -18,17 +18,13 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/checkout@v3
       - name: Setup pnpm
         uses: pnpm/action-setup@v4
-        with:
-          version: 10
       - name: Setup Node.js
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v5
         with:
           node-version: 22
-          cache: 'pnpm'
-          cache-dependency-path: pnpm-lock.yaml
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
         with:
-          go-version-file: 'backend/go.mod'
+          go-version-file: "backend/go.mod"
       - name: Set up QEMU
         uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
       - name: Set up Docker Buildx
@@ -71,6 +67,7 @@ jobs:
         run: pnpm --filter pocket-id-frontend install --frozen-lockfile
       - name: Build frontend
         run: pnpm --filter pocket-id-frontend build
+
       - name: Build binaries
         run: sh scripts/development/build-binaries.sh
       - name: Build and push container image
@@ -82,7 +79,7 @@ jobs:
           push: true
           tags: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.tags }}
           labels: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.labels }}
-          file: Dockerfile-prebuilt
+          file: docker/Dockerfile-prebuilt
       - name: Build and push container image (distroless)
         uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
         id: container-build-push-distroless
@@ -92,21 +89,21 @@ jobs:
           push: true
           tags: ${{ steps.meta-distroless.outputs.tags }}
           labels: ${{ steps.meta-distroless.outputs.labels }}
-          file: Dockerfile-distroless
+          file: docker/Dockerfile-distroless
       - name: Binary attestation
         uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@v2
         with:
-          subject-path: 'backend/.bin/pocket-id-**'
+          subject-path: "backend/.bin/pocket-id-**"
       - name: Container image attestation
         uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@v2
         with:
-          subject-name: '${{ env.DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME }}'
+          subject-name: "${{ env.DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME }}"
           subject-digest: ${{ steps.container-build-push.outputs.digest }}
           push-to-registry: true
       - name: Container image attestation (distroless)
         uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@v2
         with:
-          subject-name: '${{ env.DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME }}'
+          subject-name: "${{ env.DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME }}"
           subject-digest: ${{ steps.container-build-push-distroless.outputs.digest }}
           push-to-registry: true
       - name: Upload binaries to release
@@ -123,6 +120,6 @@ jobs:
       GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5
       - name: Mark release as published
         run: gh release edit ${{ github.ref_name }} --draft=false

.github/workflows/svelte-check.yml

@@ -4,21 +4,21 @@ on:
   push:
     branches: [main]
     paths:
-      - 'frontend/src/**'
-      - '.github/svelte-check-matcher.json'
-      - 'frontend/package.json'
-      - 'frontend/package-lock.json'
-      - 'frontend/tsconfig.json'
-      - 'frontend/svelte.config.js'
+      - "frontend/src/**"
+      - ".github/svelte-check-matcher.json"
+      - "frontend/package.json"
+      - "frontend/package-lock.json"
+      - "frontend/tsconfig.json"
+      - "frontend/svelte.config.js"
   pull_request:
     branches: [main]
     paths:
-      - 'frontend/src/**'
-      - '.github/svelte-check-matcher.json'
-      - 'frontend/package.json'
-      - 'frontend/package-lock.json'
-      - 'frontend/tsconfig.json'
-      - 'frontend/svelte.config.js'
+      - "frontend/src/**"
+      - ".github/svelte-check-matcher.json"
+      - "frontend/package.json"
+      - "frontend/package-lock.json"
+      - "frontend/tsconfig.json"
+      - "frontend/svelte.config.js"
   workflow_dispatch:
 
 jobs:
@@ -34,19 +34,15 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5
 
       - name: Setup pnpm
         uses: pnpm/action-setup@v4
-        with:
-          version: 10
 
       - name: Setup Node.js
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v5
         with:
           node-version: 22
-          cache: 'pnpm'
-          cache-dependency-path: pnpm-lock.yaml
 
       - name: Install dependencies
         run: pnpm --filter pocket-id-frontend install --frozen-lockfile

.github/workflows/unit-tests.yml

@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@ jobs:
       actions: write
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
         with:
           go-version-file: "backend/go.mod"
           cache-dependency-path: "backend/go.sum"

.github/workflows/update-aaguids.yml

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5
 
       - name: Fetch JSON data
         run: |

.version

@@ -1 +1 @@
-1.8.1
+1.13.1

backend/.golangci.yml

@@ -61,4 +61,4 @@ formatters:
     paths:
       - third_party$
       - builtin$
-      - examples$
+      - examples$

backend/frontend/frontend_included.go

@@ -3,8 +3,10 @@
 package frontend
 
 import (
+	"bytes"
 	"embed"
 	"fmt"
+	"io"
 	"io/fs"
 	"net/http"
 	"os"
@@ -12,11 +14,55 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/middleware"
 )
 
 //go:embed all:dist/*
 var frontendFS embed.FS
 
+// This function, created by the init() method, writes to "w" the index.html page, populating the nonce
+var writeIndexFn func(w io.Writer, nonce string) error
+
+func init() {
+	const scriptTag = "<script>"
+
+	// Read the index.html from the bundle
+	index, iErr := fs.ReadFile(frontendFS, "dist/index.html")
+	if iErr != nil {
+		panic(fmt.Errorf("failed to read index.html: %w", iErr))
+	}
+
+	// Get the position of the first <script> tag
+	idx := bytes.Index(index, []byte(scriptTag))
+
+	// Create writeIndexFn, which adds the CSP tag to the script tag if needed
+	writeIndexFn = func(w io.Writer, nonce string) (err error) {
+		// If there's no nonce, write the index as-is
+		if nonce == "" {
+			_, err = w.Write(index)
+			return err
+		}
+
+		// We have a nonce, so first write the index until the <script> tag
+		// Then we write the modified script tag
+		// Finally, the rest of the index
+		_, err = w.Write(index[0:idx])
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		_, err = w.Write([]byte(`<script nonce="` + nonce + `">`))
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		_, err = w.Write(index[(idx + len(scriptTag)):])
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
 func RegisterFrontend(router *gin.Engine) error {
 	distFS, err := fs.Sub(frontendFS, "dist")
 	if err != nil {
@@ -27,13 +73,39 @@ func RegisterFrontend(router *gin.Engine) error {
 	fileServer := NewFileServerWithCaching(http.FS(distFS), int(cacheMaxAge.Seconds()))
 
 	router.NoRoute(func(c *gin.Context) {
-		// Try to serve the requested file
 		path := strings.TrimPrefix(c.Request.URL.Path, "/")
-		if _, err := fs.Stat(distFS, path); os.IsNotExist(err) {
-			// File doesn't exist, serve index.html instead
-			c.Request.URL.Path = "/"
+
+		if strings.HasPrefix(path, "api/") {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "API endpoint not found"})
+			return
 		}
 
+		// If path is / or does not exist, serve index.html
+		if path == "" {
+			path = "index.html"
+		} else if _, err := fs.Stat(distFS, path); os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			path = "index.html"
+		}
+
+		if path == "index.html" {
+			nonce := middleware.GetCSPNonce(c)
+
+			// Do not cache the HTML shell, as it embeds a per-request nonce
+			c.Header("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8")
+			c.Header("Cache-Control", "no-store")
+			c.Status(http.StatusOK)
+
+			err = writeIndexFn(c.Writer, nonce)
+			if err != nil {
+				_ = c.Error(fmt.Errorf("failed to write index.html file: %w", err))
+				return
+			}
+
+			return
+		}
+
+		// Serve other static assets with caching
+		c.Request.URL.Path = "/" + path
 		fileServer.ServeHTTP(c.Writer, c.Request)
 	})
 

backend/go.mod

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/emersion/go-sasl v0.0.0-20200509203442-7bfe0ed36a21
 	github.com/emersion/go-smtp v0.21.3
 	github.com/fxamacker/cbor/v2 v2.9.0
+	github.com/gin-contrib/slog v1.1.0
 	github.com/gin-gonic/gin v1.10.1
 	github.com/glebarez/go-sqlite v1.22.0
 	github.com/glebarez/sqlite v1.11.0
@@ -29,7 +30,6 @@ require (
 	github.com/mileusna/useragent v1.3.5
 	github.com/orandin/slog-gorm v1.4.0
 	github.com/oschwald/maxminddb-golang/v2 v2.0.0-beta.8
-	github.com/samber/slog-gin v1.15.1
 	github.com/spf13/cobra v1.9.1
 	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.10.0
 	go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/bridges/otelslog v0.12.0
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ require (
 	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.37.0
 	golang.org/x/crypto v0.41.0
 	golang.org/x/image v0.30.0
+	golang.org/x/sync v0.16.0
 	golang.org/x/text v0.28.0
 	golang.org/x/time v0.12.0
 	gorm.io/driver/postgres v1.6.0
@@ -74,6 +75,8 @@ require (
 	github.com/go-webauthn/x v0.1.23 // indirect
 	github.com/goccy/go-json v0.10.5 // indirect
 	github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v5 v5.2.3 // indirect
+	github.com/google/go-github/v39 v39.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/google/go-querystring v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/google/go-tpm v0.9.5 // indirect
 	github.com/grpc-ecosystem/grpc-gateway/v2 v2.26.1 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/errwrap v1.1.0 // indirect
@@ -132,7 +135,7 @@ require (
 	golang.org/x/arch v0.20.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20250813145105-42675adae3e6 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/net v0.43.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sync v0.16.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.27.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/sys v0.35.0 // indirect
 	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20250218202821-56aae31c358a // indirect
 	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20250218202821-56aae31c358a // indirect

backend/go.sum

@@ -56,6 +56,8 @@ github.com/fxamacker/cbor/v2 v2.9.0 h1:NpKPmjDBgUfBms6tr6JZkTHtfFGcMKsw3eGcmD/sa
 github.com/fxamacker/cbor/v2 v2.9.0/go.mod h1:vM4b+DJCtHn+zz7h3FFp/hDAI9WNWCsZj23V5ytsSxQ=
 github.com/gabriel-vasile/mimetype v1.4.9 h1:5k+WDwEsD9eTLL8Tz3L0VnmVh9QxGjRmjBvAG7U/oYY=
 github.com/gabriel-vasile/mimetype v1.4.9/go.mod h1:WnSQhFKJuBlRyLiKohA/2DtIlPFAbguNaG7QCHcyGok=
+github.com/gin-contrib/slog v1.1.0 h1:K9MVNrETT6r/C3u2Aheer/gxwVeVqrGL0hXlsmv3fm4=
+github.com/gin-contrib/slog v1.1.0/go.mod h1:PvNXQVXcVOAaaiJR84LV1/xlQHIaXi9ygEXyBkmjdkY=
 github.com/gin-contrib/sse v1.1.0 h1:n0w2GMuUpWDVp7qSpvze6fAu9iRxJY4Hmj6AmBOU05w=
 github.com/gin-contrib/sse v1.1.0/go.mod h1:hxRZ5gVpWMT7Z0B0gSNYqqsSCNIJMjzvm6fqCz9vjwM=
 github.com/gin-gonic/gin v1.10.1 h1:T0ujvqyCSqRopADpgPgiTT63DUQVSfojyME59Ei63pQ=
@@ -95,11 +97,19 @@ github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v5 v5.2.3 h1:kkGXqQOBSDDWRhWNXTFpqGSCMyh/PLnqUvMGJPDJD
 github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v5 v5.2.3/go.mod h1:pqrtFR0X4osieyHYxtmOUWsAWrfe1Q5UVIyoH402zdk=
 github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/v4 v4.18.3 h1:EYGkoOsvgHHfm5U/naS1RP/6PL/Xv3S4B/swMiAmDLs=
 github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/v4 v4.18.3/go.mod h1:99BKpIi6ruaaXRM1A77eqZ+FWPQ3cfRa+ZVy5bmWMaY=
+github.com/golang/protobuf v1.3.1/go.mod h1:6lQm79b+lXiMfvg/cZm0SGofjICqVBUtrP5yJMmIC1U=
+github.com/golang/protobuf v1.3.2/go.mod h1:6lQm79b+lXiMfvg/cZm0SGofjICqVBUtrP5yJMmIC1U=
 github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.4 h1:i7eJL8qZTpSEXOPTxNKhASYpMn+8e5Q6AdndVa1dWek=
 github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.4/go.mod h1:lnTiLA8Wa4RWRcIUkrtSVa5nRhsEGBg48fD6rSs7xps=
+github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.2/go.mod h1:v8dTdLbMG2kIc/vJvl+f65V22dbkXbowE6jgT/gNBxE=
+github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.6/go.mod h1:v8dTdLbMG2kIc/vJvl+f65V22dbkXbowE6jgT/gNBxE=
 github.com/google/go-cmp v0.6.0/go.mod h1:17dUlkBOakJ0+DkrSSNjCkIjxS6bF9zb3elmeNGIjoY=
 github.com/google/go-cmp v0.7.0 h1:wk8382ETsv4JYUZwIsn6YpYiWiBsYLSJiTsyBybVuN8=
 github.com/google/go-cmp v0.7.0/go.mod h1:pXiqmnSA92OHEEa9HXL2W4E7lf9JzCmGVUdgjX3N/iU=
+github.com/google/go-github/v39 v39.2.0 h1:rNNM311XtPOz5rDdsJXAp2o8F67X9FnROXTvto3aSnQ=
+github.com/google/go-github/v39 v39.2.0/go.mod h1:C1s8C5aCC9L+JXIYpJM5GYytdX52vC1bLvHEF1IhBrE=
+github.com/google/go-querystring v1.1.0 h1:AnCroh3fv4ZBgVIf1Iwtovgjaw/GiKJo8M8yD/fhyJ8=
+github.com/google/go-querystring v1.1.0/go.mod h1:Kcdr2DB4koayq7X8pmAG4sNG59So17icRSOU623lUBU=
 github.com/google/go-tpm v0.9.5 h1:ocUmnDebX54dnW+MQWGQRbdaAcJELsa6PqZhJ48KwVU=
 github.com/google/go-tpm v0.9.5/go.mod h1:h9jEsEECg7gtLis0upRBQU+GhYVH6jMjrFxI8u6bVUY=
 github.com/google/gofuzz v1.0.0/go.mod h1:dBl0BpW6vV/+mYPU4Po3pmUjxk6FQPldtuIdl/M65Eg=
@@ -233,8 +243,6 @@ github.com/robfig/cron/v3 v3.0.1/go.mod h1:eQICP3HwyT7UooqI/z+Ov+PtYAWygg1TEWWzG
 github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal v1.13.1 h1:KvO1DLK/DRN07sQ1LQKScxyZJuNnedQ5/wKSR38lUII=
 github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal v1.13.1/go.mod h1:uMEvuHeurkdAXX61udpOXGD/AzZDWNMNyH2VO9fmH0o=
 github.com/russross/blackfriday/v2 v2.1.0/go.mod h1:+Rmxgy9KzJVeS9/2gXHxylqXiyQDYRxCVz55jmeOWTM=
-github.com/samber/slog-gin v1.15.1 h1:jsnfr+S5HQPlz9pFPA3tOmKW7wN/znyZiE6hncucrTM=
-github.com/samber/slog-gin v1.15.1/go.mod h1:mPAEinK/g2jPLauuWO11m3Q0Ca7aG4k9XjXjXY8IhMQ=
 github.com/segmentio/asm v1.2.0 h1:9BQrFxC+YOHJlTlHGkTrFWf59nbL3XnCoFLTwDCI7ys=
 github.com/segmentio/asm v1.2.0/go.mod h1:BqMnlJP91P8d+4ibuonYZw9mfnzI9HfxselHZr5aAcs=
 github.com/spf13/cobra v1.9.1 h1:CXSaggrXdbHK9CF+8ywj8Amf7PBRmPCOJugH954Nnlo=
@@ -319,6 +327,7 @@ go.uber.org/goleak v1.3.0/go.mod h1:CoHD4mav9JJNrW/WLlf7HGZPjdw8EucARQHekz1X6bE=
 golang.org/x/arch v0.20.0 h1:dx1zTU0MAE98U+TQ8BLl7XsJbgze2WnNKF/8tGp/Q6c=
 golang.org/x/arch v0.20.0/go.mod h1:bdwinDaKcfZUGpH09BB7ZmOfhalA8lQdzl62l8gGWsk=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20190308221718-c2843e01d9a2/go.mod h1:djNgcEr1/C05ACkg1iLfiJU5Ep61QUkGW8qpdssI0+w=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210817164053-32db794688a5/go.mod h1:GvvjBRRGRdwPK5ydBHafDWAxML/pGHZbMvKqRZ5+Abc=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210921155107-089bfa567519/go.mod h1:GvvjBRRGRdwPK5ydBHafDWAxML/pGHZbMvKqRZ5+Abc=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.6.0/go.mod h1:OFC/31mSvZgRz0V1QTNCzfAI1aIRzbiufJtkMIlEp58=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.13.0/go.mod h1:y6Z2r+Rw4iayiXXAIxJIDAJ1zMW4yaTpebo8fPOliYc=
@@ -339,6 +348,7 @@ golang.org/x/mod v0.15.0/go.mod h1:hTbmBsO62+eylJbnUtE2MGJUyE7QWk4xUqPFrRgJ+7c=
 golang.org/x/mod v0.17.0/go.mod h1:hTbmBsO62+eylJbnUtE2MGJUyE7QWk4xUqPFrRgJ+7c=
 golang.org/x/mod v0.27.0 h1:kb+q2PyFnEADO2IEF935ehFUXlWiNjJWtRNgBLSfbxQ=
 golang.org/x/mod v0.27.0/go.mod h1:rWI627Fq0DEoudcK+MBkNkCe0EetEaDSwJJkCcjpazc=
+golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20190603091049-60506f45cf65/go.mod h1:HSz+uSET+XFnRR8LxR5pz3Of3rY3CfYBVs4xY44aLks=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20190620200207-3b0461eec859/go.mod h1:z5CRVTTTmAJ677TzLLGU+0bjPO0LkuOLi4/5GtJWs/s=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20200114155413-6afb5195e5aa/go.mod h1:z5CRVTTTmAJ677TzLLGU+0bjPO0LkuOLi4/5GtJWs/s=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20210226172049-e18ecbb05110/go.mod h1:m0MpNAwzfU5UDzcl9v0D8zg8gWTRqZa9RBIspLL5mdg=
@@ -352,6 +362,9 @@ golang.org/x/net v0.25.0/go.mod h1:JkAGAh7GEvH74S6FOH42FLoXpXbE/aqXSrIQjXgsiwM=
 golang.org/x/net v0.33.0/go.mod h1:HXLR5J+9DxmrqMwG9qjGCxZ+zKXxBru04zlTvWlWuN4=
 golang.org/x/net v0.43.0 h1:lat02VYK2j4aLzMzecihNvTlJNQUq316m2Mr9rnM6YE=
 golang.org/x/net v0.43.0/go.mod h1:vhO1fvI4dGsIjh73sWfUVjj3N7CA9WkKJNQm2svM6Jg=
+golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20180821212333-d2e6202438be/go.mod h1:N/0e6XlmueqKjAGxoOufVs8QHGRruUQn6yWY3a++T0U=
+golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.27.0 h1:da9Vo7/tDv5RH/7nZDz1eMGS/q1Vv1N/7FCrBhI9I3M=
+golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.27.0/go.mod h1:onh5ek6nERTohokkhCD/y2cV4Do3fxFHFuAejCkRWT8=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20190423024810-112230192c58/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJTE5uejpjVlOe/izrB70Jof72aM=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20220722155255-886fb9371eb4/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJTE5uejpjVlOe/izrB70Jof72aM=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.1.0/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJTE5uejpjVlOe/izrB70Jof72aM=
@@ -385,6 +398,7 @@ golang.org/x/term v0.17.0/go.mod h1:lLRBjIVuehSbZlaOtGMbcMncT+aqLLLmKrsjNrUguwk=
 golang.org/x/term v0.20.0/go.mod h1:8UkIAJTvZgivsXaD6/pH6U9ecQzZ45awqEOzuCvwpFY=
 golang.org/x/term v0.27.0/go.mod h1:iMsnZpn0cago0GOrHO2+Y7u7JPn5AylBrcoWkElMTSM=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.0/go.mod h1:NqM8EUOU14njkJ3fqMW+pc6Ldnwhi/IjpwHt7yyuwOQ=
+golang.org/x/text v0.3.2/go.mod h1:bEr9sfX3Q8Zfm5fL9x+3itogRgK3+ptLWKqgva+5dAk=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.3/go.mod h1:5Zoc/QRtKVWzQhOtBMvqHzDpF6irO9z98xDceosuGiQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.7/go.mod h1:u+2+/6zg+i71rQMx5EYifcz6MCKuco9NR6JIITiCfzQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.7.0/go.mod h1:mrYo+phRRbMaCq/xk9113O4dZlRixOauAjOtrjsXDZ8=
@@ -406,6 +420,8 @@ golang.org/x/tools v0.21.1-0.20240508182429-e35e4ccd0d2d/go.mod h1:aiJjzUbINMkxb
 golang.org/x/tools v0.36.0 h1:kWS0uv/zsvHEle1LbV5LE8QujrxB3wfQyxHfhOk0Qkg=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.36.0/go.mod h1:WBDiHKJK8YgLHlcQPYQzNCkUxUypCaa5ZegCVutKm+s=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20190717185122-a985d3407aa7/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
+golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191204190536-9bdfabe68543/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
+google.golang.org/appengine v1.6.7/go.mod h1:8WjMMxjGQR8xUklV/ARdw2HLXBOI7O7uCIDZVag1xfc=
 google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20250218202821-56aae31c358a h1:nwKuGPlUAt+aR+pcrkfFRrTU1BVrSmYyYMxYbUIVHr0=
 google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20250218202821-56aae31c358a/go.mod h1:3kWAYMk1I75K4vykHtKt2ycnOgpA6974V7bREqbsenU=
 google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20250218202821-56aae31c358a h1:51aaUVRocpvUOSQKM6Q7VuoaktNIaMCLuhZB6DKksq4=

backend/internal/bootstrap/app_images_bootstrap.go

@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+package bootstrap
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"fmt"
+	"log/slog"
+	"os"
+	"path"
+
+	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/common"
+	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/utils"
+	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/resources"
+)
+
+// initApplicationImages copies the images from the images directory to the application-images directory
+// and returns a map containing the detected file extensions in the application-images directory.
+func initApplicationImages() (map[string]string, error) {
+	// Previous versions of images
+	// If these are found, they are deleted
+	legacyImageHashes := imageHashMap{
+		"background.jpg": mustDecodeHex("138d510030ed845d1d74de34658acabff562d306476454369a60ab8ade31933f"),
+	}
+
+	dirPath := common.EnvConfig.UploadPath + "/application-images"
+
+	sourceFiles, err := resources.FS.ReadDir("images")
+	if err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read directory: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	destinationFiles, err := os.ReadDir(dirPath)
+	if err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read directory: %w", err)
+	}
+	dstNameToExt := make(map[string]string, len(destinationFiles))
+	for _, f := range destinationFiles {
+		if f.IsDir() {
+			continue
+		}
+		name := f.Name()
+		nameWithoutExt, ext := utils.SplitFileName(name)
+		destFilePath := path.Join(dirPath, name)
+
+		// Skip directories
+		if f.IsDir() {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		h, err := utils.CreateSha256FileHash(destFilePath)
+		if err != nil {
+			slog.Warn("Failed to get hash for file", slog.String("name", name), slog.Any("error", err))
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Check if the file is a legacy one - if so, delete it
+		if legacyImageHashes.Contains(h) {
+			slog.Info("Found legacy application image that will be removed", slog.String("name", name))
+			err = os.Remove(destFilePath)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to remove legacy file '%s': %w", name, err)
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Track existing files
+		dstNameToExt[nameWithoutExt] = ext
+	}
+
+	// Copy images from the images directory to the application-images directory if they don't already exist
+	for _, sourceFile := range sourceFiles {
+		if sourceFile.IsDir() {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		name := sourceFile.Name()
+		nameWithoutExt, ext := utils.SplitFileName(name)
+		srcFilePath := path.Join("images", name)
+		destFilePath := path.Join(dirPath, name)
+
+		// Skip if there's already an image at the path
+		// We do not check the extension because users could have uploaded a different one
+		if _, exists := dstNameToExt[nameWithoutExt]; exists {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		slog.Info("Writing new application image", slog.String("name", name))
+		err := utils.CopyEmbeddedFileToDisk(srcFilePath, destFilePath)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to copy file: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		// Track the newly copied file so it can be included in the extensions map later
+		dstNameToExt[nameWithoutExt] = ext
+	}
+
+	return dstNameToExt, nil
+}
+
+type imageHashMap map[string][]byte
+
+func (m imageHashMap) Contains(target []byte) bool {
+	if len(target) == 0 {
+		return false
+	}
+	for _, h := range m {
+		if bytes.Equal(h, target) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func mustDecodeHex(str string) []byte {
+	b, err := hex.DecodeString(str)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	return b
+}

backend/internal/bootstrap/application_images_bootstrap.go

@@ -1,66 +0,0 @@
-package bootstrap
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"os"
-	"path"
-	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/common"
-	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/utils"
-	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/resources"
-)
-
-// initApplicationImages copies the images from the images directory to the application-images directory
-func initApplicationImages() error {
-	dirPath := common.EnvConfig.UploadPath + "/application-images"
-
-	sourceFiles, err := resources.FS.ReadDir("images")
-	if err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to read directory: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	destinationFiles, err := os.ReadDir(dirPath)
-	if err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to read directory: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	// Copy images from the images directory to the application-images directory if they don't already exist
-	for _, sourceFile := range sourceFiles {
-		if sourceFile.IsDir() || imageAlreadyExists(sourceFile.Name(), destinationFiles) {
-			continue
-		}
-		srcFilePath := path.Join("images", sourceFile.Name())
-		destFilePath := path.Join(dirPath, sourceFile.Name())
-
-		err := utils.CopyEmbeddedFileToDisk(srcFilePath, destFilePath)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to copy file: %w", err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func imageAlreadyExists(fileName string, destinationFiles []os.DirEntry) bool {
-	for _, destinationFile := range destinationFiles {
-		sourceFileWithoutExtension := getImageNameWithoutExtension(fileName)
-		destinationFileWithoutExtension := getImageNameWithoutExtension(destinationFile.Name())
-
-		if sourceFileWithoutExtension == destinationFileWithoutExtension {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
-
-	return false
-}
-
-func getImageNameWithoutExtension(fileName string) string {
-	idx := strings.LastIndexByte(fileName, '.')
-	if idx < 1 {
-		// No dot found, or fileName starts with a dot
-		return fileName
-	}
-
-	return fileName[:idx]
-}

backend/internal/bootstrap/bootstrap.go

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ func Bootstrap(ctx context.Context) error {
 	}
 	slog.InfoContext(ctx, "Pocket ID is starting")
 
-	err = initApplicationImages()
+	imageExtensions, err := initApplicationImages()
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to initialize application images: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ func Bootstrap(ctx context.Context) error {
 	}
 
 	// Create all services
-	svc, err := initServices(ctx, db, httpClient)
+	svc, err := initServices(ctx, db, httpClient, imageExtensions)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to initialize services: %w", err)
 	}

backend/internal/bootstrap/db_bootstrap.go

@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
 package bootstrap
 
 import (
+	"database/sql"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"log/slog"
 	"net/url"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
@@ -13,6 +16,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/v4/database"
 	postgresMigrate "github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/v4/database/postgres"
 	sqliteMigrate "github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/v4/database/sqlite3"
+	_ "github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/v4/source/github"
 	"github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/v4/source/iofs"
 	slogGorm "github.com/orandin/slog-gorm"
 	"gorm.io/driver/postgres"
@@ -20,6 +24,7 @@ import (
 	gormLogger "gorm.io/gorm/logger"
 
 	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/common"
+	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/utils"
 	sqliteutil "github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/utils/sqlite"
 	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/resources"
 )
@@ -38,7 +43,9 @@ func NewDatabase() (db *gorm.DB, err error) {
 	var driver database.Driver
 	switch common.EnvConfig.DbProvider {
 	case common.DbProviderSqlite:
-		driver, err = sqliteMigrate.WithInstance(sqlDb, &sqliteMigrate.Config{})
+		driver, err = sqliteMigrate.WithInstance(sqlDb, &sqliteMigrate.Config{
+			NoTxWrap: true,
+		})
 	case common.DbProviderPostgres:
 		driver, err = postgresMigrate.WithInstance(sqlDb, &postgresMigrate.Config{})
 	default:
@@ -58,8 +65,9 @@ func NewDatabase() (db *gorm.DB, err error) {
 }
 
 func migrateDatabase(driver database.Driver) error {
-	// Use the embedded migrations
-	source, err := iofs.New(resources.FS, "migrations/"+string(common.EnvConfig.DbProvider))
+	// Embedded migrations via iofs
+	path := "migrations/" + string(common.EnvConfig.DbProvider)
+	source, err := iofs.New(resources.FS, path)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create embedded migration source: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -69,28 +77,98 @@ func migrateDatabase(driver database.Driver) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create migration instance: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	err = m.Up()
-	if err != nil && !errors.Is(err, migrate.ErrNoChange) {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to apply migrations: %w", err)
+	requiredVersion, err := getRequiredMigrationVersion(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get last migration version: %w", err)
 	}
 
+	currentVersion, _, _ := m.Version()
+	if currentVersion > requiredVersion {
+		slog.Warn("Database version is newer than the application supports, possible downgrade detected", slog.Uint64("db_version", uint64(currentVersion)), slog.Uint64("app_version", uint64(requiredVersion)))
+		if !common.EnvConfig.AllowDowngrade {
+			return fmt.Errorf("database version (%d) is newer than application version (%d), downgrades are not allowed (set ALLOW_DOWNGRADE=true to enable)", currentVersion, requiredVersion)
+		}
+		slog.Info("Fetching migrations from GitHub to handle possible downgrades")
+		return migrateDatabaseFromGitHub(driver, requiredVersion)
+	}
+
+	if err := m.Migrate(requiredVersion); err != nil && !errors.Is(err, migrate.ErrNoChange) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to apply embedded migrations: %w", err)
+	}
 	return nil
 }
 
+func migrateDatabaseFromGitHub(driver database.Driver, version uint) error {
+	srcURL := "github://pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/resources/migrations/" + string(common.EnvConfig.DbProvider)
+
+	m, err := migrate.NewWithDatabaseInstance(srcURL, "pocket-id", driver)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create GitHub migration instance: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := m.Migrate(version); err != nil && !errors.Is(err, migrate.ErrNoChange) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to apply GitHub migrations: %w", err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// getRequiredMigrationVersion reads the embedded migration files and returns the highest version number found.
+func getRequiredMigrationVersion(path string) (uint, error) {
+	entries, err := resources.FS.ReadDir(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("failed to read migration directory: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	var maxVersion uint
+	for _, entry := range entries {
+		if entry.IsDir() {
+			continue
+		}
+		name := entry.Name()
+		var version uint
+		n, err := fmt.Sscanf(name, "%d_", &version)
+		if err == nil && n == 1 {
+			if version > maxVersion {
+				maxVersion = version
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return maxVersion, nil
+}
+
 func connectDatabase() (db *gorm.DB, err error) {
 	var dialector gorm.Dialector
 
 	// Choose the correct database provider
+	var onConnFn func(conn *sql.DB)
 	switch common.EnvConfig.DbProvider {
 	case common.DbProviderSqlite:
 		if common.EnvConfig.DbConnectionString == "" {
 			return nil, errors.New("missing required env var 'DB_CONNECTION_STRING' for SQLite database")
 		}
+
 		sqliteutil.RegisterSqliteFunctions()
-		connString, err := parseSqliteConnectionString(common.EnvConfig.DbConnectionString)
+
+		connString, dbPath, isMemoryDB, err := parseSqliteConnectionString(common.EnvConfig.DbConnectionString)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
+
+		// Before we connect, also make sure that there's a temporary folder for SQLite to write its data
+		err = ensureSqliteTempDir(filepath.Dir(dbPath))
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
+		if isMemoryDB {
+			// For in-memory SQLite databases, we must limit to 1 open connection at the same time, or they won't see the whole data
+			// The other workaround, of using shared caches, doesn't work well with multiple write transactions trying to happen at once
+			onConnFn = func(conn *sql.DB) {
+				conn.SetMaxOpenConns(1)
+			}
+		}
+
 		dialector = sqlite.Open(connString)
 	case common.DbProviderPostgres:
 		if common.EnvConfig.DbConnectionString == "" {
@@ -108,6 +186,16 @@ func connectDatabase() (db *gorm.DB, err error) {
 		})
 		if err == nil {
 			slog.Info("Connected to database", slog.String("provider", string(common.EnvConfig.DbProvider)))
+
+			if onConnFn != nil {
+				conn, err := db.DB()
+				if err != nil {
+					slog.Warn("Failed to get database connection, will retry in 3s", slog.Int("attempt", i), slog.String("provider", string(common.EnvConfig.DbProvider)), slog.Any("error", err))
+					time.Sleep(3 * time.Second)
+				}
+				onConnFn(conn)
+			}
+
 			return db, nil
 		}
 
@@ -120,18 +208,18 @@ func connectDatabase() (db *gorm.DB, err error) {
 	return nil, err
 }
 
-func parseSqliteConnectionString(connString string) (string, error) {
+func parseSqliteConnectionString(connString string) (parsedConnString string, dbPath string, isMemoryDB bool, err error) {
 	if !strings.HasPrefix(connString, "file:") {
 		connString = "file:" + connString
 	}
 
 	// Check if we're using an in-memory database
-	isMemoryDB := isSqliteInMemory(connString)
+	isMemoryDB = isSqliteInMemory(connString)
 
 	// Parse the connection string
 	connStringUrl, err := url.Parse(connString)
 	if err != nil {
-		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to parse SQLite connection string: %w", err)
+		return "", "", false, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse SQLite connection string: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	// Convert options for the old SQLite driver to the new one
@@ -140,10 +228,19 @@ func parseSqliteConnectionString(connString string) (string, error) {
 	// Add the default and required params
 	err = addSqliteDefaultParameters(connStringUrl, isMemoryDB)
 	if err != nil {
-		return "", fmt.Errorf("invalid SQLite connection string: %w", err)
+		return "", "", false, fmt.Errorf("invalid SQLite connection string: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	return connStringUrl.String(), nil
+	// Get the absolute path to the database
+	// Here, we know for a fact that the ? is present
+	parsedConnString = connStringUrl.String()
+	idx := strings.IndexRune(parsedConnString, '?')
+	dbPath, err = filepath.Abs(parsedConnString[len("file:"):idx])
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", "", false, fmt.Errorf("failed to determine absolute path to the database: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return parsedConnString, dbPath, isMemoryDB, nil
 }
 
 // The official C implementation of SQLite allows some additional properties in the connection string
@@ -195,11 +292,6 @@ func addSqliteDefaultParameters(connStringUrl *url.URL, isMemoryDB bool) error {
 		qs = make(url.Values, 2)
 	}
 
-	// If the database is in-memory, we must ensure that cache=shared is set
-	if isMemoryDB {
-		qs["cache"] = []string{"shared"}
-	}
-
 	// Check if the database is read-only or immutable
 	isReadOnly := false
 	if len(qs["mode"]) > 0 {
@@ -296,6 +388,48 @@ func isSqliteInMemory(connString string) bool {
 	return len(qs["mode"]) > 0 && qs["mode"][0] == "memory"
 }
 
+// ensureSqliteTempDir ensures that SQLite has a directory where it can write temporary files if needed
+// The default directory may not be writable when using a container with a read-only root file system
+// See: https://www.sqlite.org/tempfiles.html
+func ensureSqliteTempDir(dbPath string) error {
+	// Per docs, SQLite tries these folders in order (excluding those that aren't applicable to us):
+	//
+	// - The SQLITE_TMPDIR environment variable
+	// - The TMPDIR environment variable
+	// - /var/tmp
+	// - /usr/tmp
+	// - /tmp
+	//
+	// Source: https://www.sqlite.org/tempfiles.html#temporary_file_storage_locations
+	//
+	// First, let's check if SQLITE_TMPDIR or TMPDIR are set, in which case we trust the user has taken care of the problem already
+	if os.Getenv("SQLITE_TMPDIR") != "" || os.Getenv("TMPDIR") != "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Now, let's check if /var/tmp, /usr/tmp, or /tmp exist and are writable
+	for _, dir := range []string{"/var/tmp", "/usr/tmp", "/tmp"} {
+		ok, err := utils.IsWritableDir(dir)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to check if %s is writable: %w", dir, err)
+		}
+		if ok {
+			// We found a folder that's writable
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	// If we're here, there's no temporary directory that's writable (not unusual for containers with a read-only root file system), so we set SQLITE_TMPDIR to the folder where the SQLite database is set
+	err := os.Setenv("SQLITE_TMPDIR", dbPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to set SQLITE_TMPDIR environmental variable: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	slog.Debug("Set SQLITE_TMPDIR to the database directory", "path", dbPath)
+
+	return nil
+}
+
 func getGormLogger() gormLogger.Interface {
 	loggerOpts := make([]slogGorm.Option, 0, 5)
 	loggerOpts = append(loggerOpts,
@@ -303,17 +437,18 @@ func getGormLogger() gormLogger.Interface {
 		slogGorm.WithErrorField("error"),
 	)
 
-	if common.EnvConfig.AppEnv == "production" {
-		loggerOpts = append(loggerOpts,
-			slogGorm.SetLogLevel(slogGorm.DefaultLogType, slog.LevelWarn),
-			slogGorm.WithIgnoreTrace(),
-		)
-	} else {
+	if common.EnvConfig.LogLevel == "debug" {
 		loggerOpts = append(loggerOpts,
 			slogGorm.SetLogLevel(slogGorm.DefaultLogType, slog.LevelDebug),
 			slogGorm.WithRecordNotFoundError(),
 			slogGorm.WithTraceAll(),
 		)
+
+	} else {
+		loggerOpts = append(loggerOpts,
+			slogGorm.SetLogLevel(slogGorm.DefaultLogType, slog.LevelWarn),
+			slogGorm.WithIgnoreTrace(),
+		)
 	}
 
 	return slogGorm.New(loggerOpts...)

backend/internal/bootstrap/db_bootstrap_test.go

@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ func TestAddSqliteDefaultParameters(t *testing.T) {
 			name:       "in-memory database",
 			input:      "file::memory:",
 			isMemoryDB: true,
-			expected:   "file::memory:?_pragma=busy_timeout%282500%29&_pragma=foreign_keys%281%29&_pragma=journal_mode%28MEMORY%29&_txlock=immediate&cache=shared",
+			expected:   "file::memory:?_pragma=busy_timeout%282500%29&_pragma=foreign_keys%281%29&_pragma=journal_mode%28MEMORY%29&_txlock=immediate",
 		},
 		{
 			name:       "read-only database with mode=ro",
@@ -249,12 +249,6 @@ func TestAddSqliteDefaultParameters(t *testing.T) {
 			isMemoryDB: false,
 			expected:   "file:test.db?_pragma=busy_timeout%283000%29&_pragma=foreign_keys%281%29&_pragma=journal_mode%28TRUNCATE%29&_pragma=synchronous%28NORMAL%29&_txlock=immediate",
 		},
-		{
-			name:       "in-memory database with cache already set",
-			input:      "file::memory:?cache=private",
-			isMemoryDB: true,
-			expected:   "file::memory:?_pragma=busy_timeout%282500%29&_pragma=foreign_keys%281%29&_pragma=journal_mode%28MEMORY%29&_txlock=immediate&cache=shared",
-		},
 		{
 			name:       "database with mode=rw (not read-only)",
 			input:      "file:test.db?mode=rw",

backend/internal/bootstrap/observability_boostrap.go

@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"time"
 
+	sloggin "github.com/gin-contrib/slog"
+
 	"github.com/lmittmann/tint"
 	"github.com/mattn/go-isatty"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/bridges/otelslog"
@@ -89,28 +91,19 @@ func initOtelLogging(ctx context.Context, resource *resource.Resource) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to initialize OpenTelemetry log exporter: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	level := slog.LevelDebug
-	if common.EnvConfig.AppEnv == "production" {
-		level = slog.LevelInfo
-	}
+	level, _ := sloggin.ParseLevel(common.EnvConfig.LogLevel)
 
 	// Create the handler
 	var handler slog.Handler
-	switch {
-	case common.EnvConfig.LogJSON:
-		// Log as JSON if configured
+	if common.EnvConfig.LogJSON {
 		handler = slog.NewJSONHandler(os.Stdout, &slog.HandlerOptions{
 			Level: level,
 		})
-	case isatty.IsTerminal(os.Stdout.Fd()):
-		// Enable colors if we have a TTY
+	} else {
 		handler = tint.NewHandler(os.Stdout, &tint.Options{
-			TimeFormat: time.StampMilli,
+			TimeFormat: time.Stamp,
 			Level:      level,
-		})
-	default:
-		handler = slog.NewTextHandler(os.Stdout, &slog.HandlerOptions{
-			Level: level,
+			NoColor:    !isatty.IsTerminal(os.Stdout.Fd()),
 		})
 	}
 

backend/internal/bootstrap/router_bootstrap.go

@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
+	sloggin "github.com/gin-contrib/slog"
 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
-	sloggin "github.com/samber/slog-gin"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/github.com/gin-gonic/gin/otelgin"
 	"golang.org/x/time/rate"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
@@ -49,30 +49,8 @@ func initRouterInternal(db *gorm.DB, svc *services) (utils.Service, error) {
 		gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
 	}
 
-	// do not log these URLs
-	loggerSkipPathsPrefix := []string{
-		"GET /application-configuration/logo",
-		"GET /application-configuration/background-image",
-		"GET /application-configuration/favicon",
-		"GET /_app",
-		"GET /fonts",
-		"GET /healthz",
-		"HEAD /healthz",
-	}
-
 	r := gin.New()
-	r.Use(sloggin.NewWithConfig(slog.Default(), sloggin.Config{
-		Filters: []sloggin.Filter{
-			func(c *gin.Context) bool {
-				for _, prefix := range loggerSkipPathsPrefix {
-					if strings.HasPrefix(c.Request.Method+" "+c.Request.URL.String(), prefix) {
-						return false
-					}
-				}
-				return true
-			},
-		},
-	}))
+	initLogger(r)
 
 	if !common.EnvConfig.TrustProxy {
 		_ = r.SetTrustedProxies(nil)
@@ -86,6 +64,7 @@ func initRouterInternal(db *gorm.DB, svc *services) (utils.Service, error) {
 
 	// Setup global middleware
 	r.Use(middleware.NewCorsMiddleware().Add())
+	r.Use(middleware.NewCspMiddleware().Add())
 	r.Use(middleware.NewErrorHandlerMiddleware().Add())
 
 	err := frontend.RegisterFrontend(r)
@@ -106,9 +85,11 @@ func initRouterInternal(db *gorm.DB, svc *services) (utils.Service, error) {
 	controller.NewOidcController(apiGroup, authMiddleware, fileSizeLimitMiddleware, svc.oidcService, svc.jwtService)
 	controller.NewUserController(apiGroup, authMiddleware, middleware.NewRateLimitMiddleware(), svc.userService, svc.appConfigService)
 	controller.NewAppConfigController(apiGroup, authMiddleware, svc.appConfigService, svc.emailService, svc.ldapService)
+	controller.NewAppImagesController(apiGroup, authMiddleware, svc.appImagesService)
 	controller.NewAuditLogController(apiGroup, svc.auditLogService, authMiddleware)
 	controller.NewUserGroupController(apiGroup, authMiddleware, svc.userGroupService)
 	controller.NewCustomClaimController(apiGroup, authMiddleware, svc.customClaimService)
+	controller.NewVersionController(apiGroup, svc.versionService)
 
 	// Add test controller in non-production environments
 	if common.EnvConfig.AppEnv != "production" {
@@ -138,6 +119,7 @@ func initRouterInternal(db *gorm.DB, svc *services) (utils.Service, error) {
 	if common.EnvConfig.UnixSocket != "" {
 		network = "unix"
 		addr = common.EnvConfig.UnixSocket
+		os.Remove(addr) // remove dangling the socket file to avoid file-exist error
 	}
 
 	listener, err := net.Listen(network, addr) //nolint:noctx
@@ -198,3 +180,29 @@ func initRouterInternal(db *gorm.DB, svc *services) (utils.Service, error) {
 
 	return runFn, nil
 }
+
+func initLogger(r *gin.Engine) {
+	loggerSkipPathsPrefix := []string{
+		"GET /api/application-images/logo",
+		"GET /api/application-images/background",
+		"GET /api/application-images/favicon",
+		"GET /_app",
+		"GET /fonts",
+		"GET /healthz",
+		"HEAD /healthz",
+	}
+
+	r.Use(sloggin.SetLogger(
+		sloggin.WithLogger(func(_ *gin.Context, _ *slog.Logger) *slog.Logger {
+			return slog.Default()
+		}),
+		sloggin.WithSkipper(func(c *gin.Context) bool {
+			for _, prefix := range loggerSkipPathsPrefix {
+				if strings.HasPrefix(c.Request.Method+" "+c.Request.URL.String(), prefix) {
+					return true
+				}
+			}
+			return false
+		}),
+	))
+}

backend/internal/bootstrap/services_bootstrap.go

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import (
 
 type services struct {
 	appConfigService   *service.AppConfigService
+	appImagesService   *service.AppImagesService
 	emailService       *service.EmailService
 	geoLiteService     *service.GeoLiteService
 	auditLogService    *service.AuditLogService
@@ -23,10 +24,11 @@ type services struct {
 	userGroupService   *service.UserGroupService
 	ldapService        *service.LdapService
 	apiKeyService      *service.ApiKeyService
+	versionService     *service.VersionService
 }
 
 // Initializes all services
-func initServices(ctx context.Context, db *gorm.DB, httpClient *http.Client) (svc *services, err error) {
+func initServices(ctx context.Context, db *gorm.DB, httpClient *http.Client, imageExtensions map[string]string) (svc *services, err error) {
 	svc = &services{}
 
 	svc.appConfigService, err = service.NewAppConfigService(ctx, db)
@@ -34,6 +36,8 @@ func initServices(ctx context.Context, db *gorm.DB, httpClient *http.Client) (sv
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create app config service: %w", err)
 	}
 
+	svc.appImagesService = service.NewAppImagesService(imageExtensions)
+
 	svc.emailService, err = service.NewEmailService(db, svc.appConfigService)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create email service: %w", err)
@@ -52,7 +56,7 @@ func initServices(ctx context.Context, db *gorm.DB, httpClient *http.Client) (sv
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create WebAuthn service: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	svc.oidcService, err = service.NewOidcService(ctx, db, svc.jwtService, svc.appConfigService, svc.auditLogService, svc.customClaimService, svc.webauthnService)
+	svc.oidcService, err = service.NewOidcService(ctx, db, svc.jwtService, svc.appConfigService, svc.auditLogService, svc.customClaimService, svc.webauthnService, httpClient)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create OIDC service: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -62,5 +66,7 @@ func initServices(ctx context.Context, db *gorm.DB, httpClient *http.Client) (sv
 	svc.ldapService = service.NewLdapService(db, httpClient, svc.appConfigService, svc.userService, svc.userGroupService)
 	svc.apiKeyService = service.NewApiKeyService(db, svc.emailService)
 
+	svc.versionService = service.NewVersionService(httpClient)
+
 	return svc, nil
 }

backend/internal/common/env_config.go

@@ -4,12 +4,14 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"log/slog"
+	"net"
 	"net/url"
 	"os"
 	"reflect"
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/caarlos0/env/v11"
+	sloggin "github.com/gin-contrib/slog"
 	_ "github.com/joho/godotenv/autoload"
 )
 
@@ -27,19 +29,21 @@ const (
 	DbProviderPostgres      DbProvider = "postgres"
 	MaxMindGeoLiteCityUrl   string     = "https://download.maxmind.com/app/geoip_download?edition_id=GeoLite2-City&license_key=%s&suffix=tar.gz"
 	defaultSqliteConnString string     = "data/pocket-id.db"
+	AppUrl                  string     = "http://localhost:1411"
 )
 
 type EnvConfigSchema struct {
-	AppEnv             string     `env:"APP_ENV"`
-	AppURL             string     `env:"APP_URL"`
-	DbProvider         DbProvider `env:"DB_PROVIDER"`
+	AppEnv             string     `env:"APP_ENV" options:"toLower"`
+	LogLevel           string     `env:"LOG_LEVEL" options:"toLower"`
+	AppURL             string     `env:"APP_URL" options:"toLower"`
+	DbProvider         DbProvider `env:"DB_PROVIDER" options:"toLower"`
 	DbConnectionString string     `env:"DB_CONNECTION_STRING" options:"file"`
 	UploadPath         string     `env:"UPLOAD_PATH"`
 	KeysPath           string     `env:"KEYS_PATH"`
 	KeysStorage        string     `env:"KEYS_STORAGE"`
 	EncryptionKey      []byte     `env:"ENCRYPTION_KEY" options:"file"`
 	Port               string     `env:"PORT"`
-	Host               string     `env:"HOST"`
+	Host               string     `env:"HOST" options:"toLower"`
 	UnixSocket         string     `env:"UNIX_SOCKET"`
 	UnixSocketMode     string     `env:"UNIX_SOCKET_MODE"`
 	MaxMindLicenseKey  string     `env:"MAXMIND_LICENSE_KEY" options:"file"`
@@ -52,6 +56,8 @@ type EnvConfigSchema struct {
 	LogJSON            bool       `env:"LOG_JSON"`
 	TrustProxy         bool       `env:"TRUST_PROXY"`
 	AnalyticsDisabled  bool       `env:"ANALYTICS_DISABLED"`
+	AllowDowngrade     bool       `env:"ALLOW_DOWNGRADE"`
+	InternalAppURL     string     `env:"INTERNAL_APP_URL"`
 }
 
 var EnvConfig = defaultConfig()
@@ -67,13 +73,14 @@ func init() {
 func defaultConfig() EnvConfigSchema {
 	return EnvConfigSchema{
 		AppEnv:             "production",
+		LogLevel:           "info",
 		DbProvider:         "sqlite",
 		DbConnectionString: "",
 		UploadPath:         "data/uploads",
 		KeysPath:           "data/keys",
 		KeysStorage:        "", // "database" or "file"
 		EncryptionKey:      nil,
-		AppURL:             "http://localhost:1411",
+		AppURL:             AppUrl,
 		Port:               "1411",
 		Host:               "0.0.0.0",
 		UnixSocket:         "",
@@ -87,6 +94,8 @@ func defaultConfig() EnvConfigSchema {
 		TracingEnabled:     false,
 		TrustProxy:         false,
 		AnalyticsDisabled:  false,
+		AllowDowngrade:     false,
+		InternalAppURL:     "",
 	}
 }
 
@@ -104,26 +113,40 @@ func parseEnvConfig() error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("error parsing env config: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	err = resolveFileBasedEnvVariables(&EnvConfig)
+	err = prepareEnvConfig(&EnvConfig)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("error preparing env config: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	err = validateEnvConfig(&EnvConfig)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	// Validate the environment variables
-	switch EnvConfig.DbProvider {
+	return nil
+
+}
+
+// validateEnvConfig checks the EnvConfig for required fields and valid values
+func validateEnvConfig(config *EnvConfigSchema) error {
+	if _, err := sloggin.ParseLevel(config.LogLevel); err != nil {
+		return errors.New("invalid LOG_LEVEL value. Must be 'debug', 'info', 'warn' or 'error'")
+	}
+
+	switch config.DbProvider {
 	case DbProviderSqlite:
-		if EnvConfig.DbConnectionString == "" {
-			EnvConfig.DbConnectionString = defaultSqliteConnString
+		if config.DbConnectionString == "" {
+			config.DbConnectionString = defaultSqliteConnString
 		}
 	case DbProviderPostgres:
-		if EnvConfig.DbConnectionString == "" {
+		if config.DbConnectionString == "" {
 			return errors.New("missing required env var 'DB_CONNECTION_STRING' for Postgres database")
 		}
 	default:
 		return errors.New("invalid DB_PROVIDER value. Must be 'sqlite' or 'postgres'")
 	}
 
-	parsedAppUrl, err := url.Parse(EnvConfig.AppURL)
+	parsedAppUrl, err := url.Parse(config.AppURL)
 	if err != nil {
 		return errors.New("APP_URL is not a valid URL")
 	}
@@ -131,25 +154,58 @@ func parseEnvConfig() error {
 		return errors.New("APP_URL must not contain a path")
 	}
 
-	switch EnvConfig.KeysStorage {
+	// Derive INTERNAL_APP_URL from APP_URL if not set; validate only when provided
+	if config.InternalAppURL == "" {
+		config.InternalAppURL = config.AppURL
+	} else {
+		parsedInternalAppUrl, err := url.Parse(config.InternalAppURL)
+		if err != nil {
+			return errors.New("INTERNAL_APP_URL is not a valid URL")
+		}
+		if parsedInternalAppUrl.Path != "" {
+			return errors.New("INTERNAL_APP_URL must not contain a path")
+		}
+	}
+
+	switch config.KeysStorage {
 	// KeysStorage defaults to "file" if empty
 	case "":
-		EnvConfig.KeysStorage = "file"
+		config.KeysStorage = "file"
 	case "database":
-		if EnvConfig.EncryptionKey == nil {
+		if config.EncryptionKey == nil {
 			return errors.New("ENCRYPTION_KEY must be non-empty when KEYS_STORAGE is database")
 		}
 	case "file":
 		// All good, these are valid values
 	default:
-		return fmt.Errorf("invalid value for KEYS_STORAGE: %s", EnvConfig.KeysStorage)
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid value for KEYS_STORAGE: %s", config.KeysStorage)
+	}
+
+	// Validate LOCAL_IPV6_RANGES
+	ranges := strings.Split(config.LocalIPv6Ranges, ",")
+	for _, rangeStr := range ranges {
+		rangeStr = strings.TrimSpace(rangeStr)
+		if rangeStr == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		_, ipNet, err := net.ParseCIDR(rangeStr)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid LOCAL_IPV6_RANGES '%s': %w", rangeStr, err)
+		}
+
+		if ipNet.IP.To4() != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("range '%s' is not a valid IPv6 range", rangeStr)
+		}
+
 	}
 
 	return nil
+
 }
 
-// resolveFileBasedEnvVariables uses reflection to automatically resolve file-based secrets
-func resolveFileBasedEnvVariables(config *EnvConfigSchema) error {
+// prepareEnvConfig processes special options for EnvConfig fields
+func prepareEnvConfig(config *EnvConfigSchema) error {
 	val := reflect.ValueOf(config).Elem()
 	typ := val.Type()
 
@@ -157,48 +213,65 @@ func resolveFileBasedEnvVariables(config *EnvConfigSchema) error {
 		field := val.Field(i)
 		fieldType := typ.Field(i)
 
-		// Only process string and []byte fields
-		isString := field.Kind() == reflect.String
-		isByteSlice := field.Kind() == reflect.Slice && field.Type().Elem().Kind() == reflect.Uint8
-		if !isString && !isByteSlice {
-			continue
-		}
-
-		// Only process fields with the "options" tag set to "file"
 		optionsTag := fieldType.Tag.Get("options")
-		if optionsTag != "file" {
-			continue
-		}
+		options := strings.Split(optionsTag, ",")
 
-		// Only process fields with the "env" tag
-		envTag := fieldType.Tag.Get("env")
-		if envTag == "" {
-			continue
-		}
-
-		envVarName := envTag
-		if commaIndex := len(envTag); commaIndex > 0 {
-			envVarName = envTag[:commaIndex]
-		}
-
-		// If the file environment variable is not set, skip
-		envVarFileName := envVarName + "_FILE"
-		envVarFileValue := os.Getenv(envVarFileName)
-		if envVarFileValue == "" {
-			continue
-		}
-
-		fileContent, err := os.ReadFile(envVarFileValue)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to read file for env var %s: %w", envVarFileName, err)
-		}
-
-		if isString {
-			field.SetString(strings.TrimSpace(string(fileContent)))
-		} else {
-			field.SetBytes(fileContent)
+		for _, option := range options {
+			switch option {
+			case "toLower":
+				if field.Kind() == reflect.String {
+					field.SetString(strings.ToLower(field.String()))
+				}
+			case "file":
+				err := resolveFileBasedEnvVariable(field, fieldType)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+			}
 		}
 	}
 
 	return nil
 }
+
+// resolveFileBasedEnvVariable checks if an environment variable with the suffix "_FILE" is set,
+// reads the content of the file specified by that variable, and sets the corresponding field's value.
+func resolveFileBasedEnvVariable(field reflect.Value, fieldType reflect.StructField) error {
+	// Only process string and []byte fields
+	isString := field.Kind() == reflect.String
+	isByteSlice := field.Kind() == reflect.Slice && field.Type().Elem().Kind() == reflect.Uint8
+	if !isString && !isByteSlice {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Only process fields with the "env" tag
+	envTag := fieldType.Tag.Get("env")
+	if envTag == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	envVarName := envTag
+	if commaIndex := len(envTag); commaIndex > 0 {
+		envVarName = envTag[:commaIndex]
+	}
+
+	// If the file environment variable is not set, skip
+	envVarFileName := envVarName + "_FILE"
+	envVarFileValue := os.Getenv(envVarFileName)
+	if envVarFileValue == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	fileContent, err := os.ReadFile(envVarFileValue)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to read file for env var %s: %w", envVarFileName, err)
+	}
+
+	if isString {
+		field.SetString(strings.TrimSpace(string(fileContent)))
+	} else {
+		field.SetBytes(fileContent)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

backend/internal/common/env_config_test.go

@@ -17,18 +17,19 @@ func TestParseEnvConfig(t *testing.T) {
 
 	t.Run("should parse valid SQLite config correctly", func(t *testing.T) {
 		EnvConfig = defaultConfig()
-		t.Setenv("DB_PROVIDER", "sqlite")
+		t.Setenv("DB_PROVIDER", "SQLITE") // should be lowercased automatically
 		t.Setenv("DB_CONNECTION_STRING", "file:test.db")
-		t.Setenv("APP_URL", "http://localhost:3000")
+		t.Setenv("APP_URL", "HTTP://LOCALHOST:3000")
 
 		err := parseEnvConfig()
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 		assert.Equal(t, DbProviderSqlite, EnvConfig.DbProvider)
+		assert.Equal(t, "http://localhost:3000", EnvConfig.AppURL)
 	})
 
 	t.Run("should parse valid Postgres config correctly", func(t *testing.T) {
 		EnvConfig = defaultConfig()
-		t.Setenv("DB_PROVIDER", "postgres")
+		t.Setenv("DB_PROVIDER", "POSTGRES")
 		t.Setenv("DB_CONNECTION_STRING", "postgres://user:pass@localhost/db")
 		t.Setenv("APP_URL", "https://example.com")
 
@@ -51,7 +52,6 @@ func TestParseEnvConfig(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("should set default SQLite connection string when DB_CONNECTION_STRING is empty", func(t *testing.T) {
 		EnvConfig = defaultConfig()
 		t.Setenv("DB_PROVIDER", "sqlite")
-		t.Setenv("DB_CONNECTION_STRING", "") // Explicitly empty
 		t.Setenv("APP_URL", "http://localhost:3000")
 
 		err := parseEnvConfig()
@@ -91,6 +91,28 @@ func TestParseEnvConfig(t *testing.T) {
 		assert.ErrorContains(t, err, "APP_URL must not contain a path")
 	})
 
+	t.Run("should fail with invalid INTERNAL_APP_URL", func(t *testing.T) {
+		EnvConfig = defaultConfig()
+		t.Setenv("DB_PROVIDER", "sqlite")
+		t.Setenv("DB_CONNECTION_STRING", "file:test.db")
+		t.Setenv("INTERNAL_APP_URL", "€://not-a-valid-url")
+
+		err := parseEnvConfig()
+		require.Error(t, err)
+		assert.ErrorContains(t, err, "INTERNAL_APP_URL is not a valid URL")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("should fail when INTERNAL_APP_URL contains path", func(t *testing.T) {
+		EnvConfig = defaultConfig()
+		t.Setenv("DB_PROVIDER", "sqlite")
+		t.Setenv("DB_CONNECTION_STRING", "file:test.db")
+		t.Setenv("INTERNAL_APP_URL", "http://localhost:3000/path")
+
+		err := parseEnvConfig()
+		require.Error(t, err)
+		assert.ErrorContains(t, err, "INTERNAL_APP_URL must not contain a path")
+	})
+
 	t.Run("should default KEYS_STORAGE to 'file' when empty", func(t *testing.T) {
 		EnvConfig = defaultConfig()
 		t.Setenv("DB_PROVIDER", "sqlite")
@@ -170,25 +192,25 @@ func TestParseEnvConfig(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Setenv("DB_PROVIDER", "postgres")
 		t.Setenv("DB_CONNECTION_STRING", "postgres://test")
 		t.Setenv("APP_URL", "https://prod.example.com")
-		t.Setenv("APP_ENV", "staging")
+		t.Setenv("APP_ENV", "STAGING")
 		t.Setenv("UPLOAD_PATH", "/custom/uploads")
 		t.Setenv("KEYS_PATH", "/custom/keys")
 		t.Setenv("PORT", "8080")
-		t.Setenv("HOST", "127.0.0.1")
+		t.Setenv("HOST", "LOCALHOST")
 		t.Setenv("UNIX_SOCKET", "/tmp/app.sock")
 		t.Setenv("MAXMIND_LICENSE_KEY", "test-license")
 		t.Setenv("GEOLITE_DB_PATH", "/custom/geolite.mmdb")
 
 		err := parseEnvConfig()
 		require.NoError(t, err)
-		assert.Equal(t, "staging", EnvConfig.AppEnv)
+		assert.Equal(t, "staging", EnvConfig.AppEnv) // lowercased
 		assert.Equal(t, "/custom/uploads", EnvConfig.UploadPath)
 		assert.Equal(t, "8080", EnvConfig.Port)
-		assert.Equal(t, "127.0.0.1", EnvConfig.Host)
+		assert.Equal(t, "localhost", EnvConfig.Host) // lowercased
 	})
 }
 
-func TestResolveFileBasedEnvVariables(t *testing.T) {
+func TestPrepareEnvConfig_FileBasedAndToLower(t *testing.T) {
 	// Create temporary directory for test files
 	tempDir := t.TempDir()
 
@@ -203,103 +225,34 @@ func TestResolveFileBasedEnvVariables(t *testing.T) {
 	err = os.WriteFile(dbConnFile, []byte(dbConnContent), 0600)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
-	// Create a binary file for testing binary data handling
 	binaryKeyFile := tempDir + "/binary_key.bin"
-	binaryKeyContent := []byte{0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08, 0x09, 0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0x0E, 0x0F, 0x10}
+	binaryKeyContent := []byte{0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04}
 	err = os.WriteFile(binaryKeyFile, binaryKeyContent, 0600)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
-	t.Run("should read file content for fields with options:file tag", func(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("should process toLower and file options", func(t *testing.T) {
 		config := defaultConfig()
+		config.AppEnv = "STAGING"
+		config.Host = "LOCALHOST"
 
-		// Set environment variables pointing to files
 		t.Setenv("ENCRYPTION_KEY_FILE", encryptionKeyFile)
 		t.Setenv("DB_CONNECTION_STRING_FILE", dbConnFile)
 
-		err := resolveFileBasedEnvVariables(&config)
+		err := prepareEnvConfig(&config)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 
-		// Verify file contents were read correctly
+		assert.Equal(t, "staging", config.AppEnv)
+		assert.Equal(t, "localhost", config.Host)
 		assert.Equal(t, []byte(encryptionKeyContent), config.EncryptionKey)
 		assert.Equal(t, dbConnContent, config.DbConnectionString)
 	})
 
-	t.Run("should skip fields without options:file tag", func(t *testing.T) {
-		config := defaultConfig()
-		originalAppURL := config.AppURL
-
-		// Set a file for a field that doesn't have options:file tag
-		t.Setenv("APP_URL_FILE", "/tmp/nonexistent.txt")
-
-		err := resolveFileBasedEnvVariables(&config)
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-
-		// AppURL should remain unchanged
-		assert.Equal(t, originalAppURL, config.AppURL)
-	})
-
-	t.Run("should skip non-string fields", func(t *testing.T) {
-		// This test verifies that non-string fields are skipped
-		// We test this indirectly by ensuring the function doesn't error
-		// when processing the actual EnvConfigSchema which has bool fields
-		config := defaultConfig()
-
-		err := resolveFileBasedEnvVariables(&config)
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-	})
-
-	t.Run("should skip when _FILE environment variable is not set", func(t *testing.T) {
-		config := defaultConfig()
-		originalEncryptionKey := config.EncryptionKey
-
-		// Don't set ENCRYPTION_KEY_FILE environment variable
-
-		err := resolveFileBasedEnvVariables(&config)
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-
-		// EncryptionKey should remain unchanged
-		assert.Equal(t, originalEncryptionKey, config.EncryptionKey)
-	})
-
-	t.Run("should handle multiple file-based variables simultaneously", func(t *testing.T) {
-		config := defaultConfig()
-
-		// Set multiple file environment variables
-		t.Setenv("ENCRYPTION_KEY_FILE", encryptionKeyFile)
-		t.Setenv("DB_CONNECTION_STRING_FILE", dbConnFile)
-
-		err := resolveFileBasedEnvVariables(&config)
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-
-		// All should be resolved correctly
-		assert.Equal(t, []byte(encryptionKeyContent), config.EncryptionKey)
-		assert.Equal(t, dbConnContent, config.DbConnectionString)
-	})
-
-	t.Run("should handle mixed file and non-file environment variables", func(t *testing.T) {
-		config := defaultConfig()
-
-		// Set both file and non-file environment variables
-		t.Setenv("ENCRYPTION_KEY_FILE", encryptionKeyFile)
-
-		err := resolveFileBasedEnvVariables(&config)
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-
-		// File-based should be resolved, others should remain as set by env parser
-		assert.Equal(t, []byte(encryptionKeyContent), config.EncryptionKey)
-		assert.Equal(t, "http://localhost:1411", config.AppURL)
-	})
-
 	t.Run("should handle binary data correctly", func(t *testing.T) {
 		config := defaultConfig()
-
-		// Set environment variable pointing to binary file
 		t.Setenv("ENCRYPTION_KEY_FILE", binaryKeyFile)
 
-		err := resolveFileBasedEnvVariables(&config)
+		err := prepareEnvConfig(&config)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
-
-		// Verify binary data was read correctly without corruption
 		assert.Equal(t, binaryKeyContent, config.EncryptionKey)
 	})
 }

backend/internal/common/errors.go

@@ -378,3 +378,13 @@ func (e *ClientIdAlreadyExistsError) Error() string {
 func (e *ClientIdAlreadyExistsError) HttpStatusCode() int {
 	return http.StatusBadRequest
 }
+
+type UserEmailNotSetError struct{}
+
+func (e *UserEmailNotSetError) Error() string {
+	return "The user does not have an email address set"
+}
+
+func (e *UserEmailNotSetError) HttpStatusCode() int {
+	return http.StatusBadRequest
+}

backend/internal/controller/app_config_controller.go

@@ -3,14 +3,12 @@ package controller
 import (
 	"net/http"
 	"strconv"
-	"time"
 
 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
 	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/common"
 	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/dto"
 	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/middleware"
 	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/service"
-	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/utils"
 )
 
 // NewAppConfigController creates a new controller for application configuration endpoints
@@ -34,13 +32,6 @@ func NewAppConfigController(
 	group.GET("/application-configuration/all", authMiddleware.Add(), acc.listAllAppConfigHandler)
 	group.PUT("/application-configuration", authMiddleware.Add(), acc.updateAppConfigHandler)
 
-	group.GET("/application-configuration/logo", acc.getLogoHandler)
-	group.GET("/application-configuration/background-image", acc.getBackgroundImageHandler)
-	group.GET("/application-configuration/favicon", acc.getFaviconHandler)
-	group.PUT("/application-configuration/logo", authMiddleware.Add(), acc.updateLogoHandler)
-	group.PUT("/application-configuration/favicon", authMiddleware.Add(), acc.updateFaviconHandler)
-	group.PUT("/application-configuration/background-image", authMiddleware.Add(), acc.updateBackgroundImageHandler)
-
 	group.POST("/application-configuration/test-email", authMiddleware.Add(), acc.testEmailHandler)
 	group.POST("/application-configuration/sync-ldap", authMiddleware.Add(), acc.syncLdapHandler)
 }
@@ -129,147 +120,6 @@ func (acc *AppConfigController) updateAppConfigHandler(c *gin.Context) {
 	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, configVariablesDto)
 }
 
-// getLogoHandler godoc
-// @Summary Get logo image
-// @Description Get the logo image for the application
-// @Tags Application Configuration
-// @Param light query boolean false "Light mode logo (true) or dark mode logo (false)"
-// @Produce image/png
-// @Produce image/jpeg
-// @Produce image/svg+xml
-// @Success 200 {file} binary "Logo image"
-// @Router /api/application-configuration/logo [get]
-func (acc *AppConfigController) getLogoHandler(c *gin.Context) {
-	dbConfig := acc.appConfigService.GetDbConfig()
-
-	lightLogo, _ := strconv.ParseBool(c.DefaultQuery("light", "true"))
-
-	var imageName, imageType string
-	if lightLogo {
-		imageName = "logoLight"
-		imageType = dbConfig.LogoLightImageType.Value
-	} else {
-		imageName = "logoDark"
-		imageType = dbConfig.LogoDarkImageType.Value
-	}
-
-	acc.getImage(c, imageName, imageType)
-}
-
-// getFaviconHandler godoc
-// @Summary Get favicon
-// @Description Get the favicon for the application
-// @Tags Application Configuration
-// @Produce image/x-icon
-// @Success 200 {file} binary "Favicon image"
-// @Router /api/application-configuration/favicon [get]
-func (acc *AppConfigController) getFaviconHandler(c *gin.Context) {
-	acc.getImage(c, "favicon", "ico")
-}
-
-// getBackgroundImageHandler godoc
-// @Summary Get background image
-// @Description Get the background image for the application
-// @Tags Application Configuration
-// @Produce image/png
-// @Produce image/jpeg
-// @Success 200 {file} binary "Background image"
-// @Router /api/application-configuration/background-image [get]
-func (acc *AppConfigController) getBackgroundImageHandler(c *gin.Context) {
-	imageType := acc.appConfigService.GetDbConfig().BackgroundImageType.Value
-	acc.getImage(c, "background", imageType)
-}
-
-// updateLogoHandler godoc
-// @Summary Update logo
-// @Description Update the application logo
-// @Tags Application Configuration
-// @Accept multipart/form-data
-// @Param light query boolean false "Light mode logo (true) or dark mode logo (false)"
-// @Param file formData file true "Logo image file"
-// @Success 204 "No Content"
-// @Router /api/application-configuration/logo [put]
-func (acc *AppConfigController) updateLogoHandler(c *gin.Context) {
-	dbConfig := acc.appConfigService.GetDbConfig()
-
-	lightLogo, _ := strconv.ParseBool(c.DefaultQuery("light", "true"))
-
-	var imageName, imageType string
-	if lightLogo {
-		imageName = "logoLight"
-		imageType = dbConfig.LogoLightImageType.Value
-	} else {
-		imageName = "logoDark"
-		imageType = dbConfig.LogoDarkImageType.Value
-	}
-
-	acc.updateImage(c, imageName, imageType)
-}
-
-// updateFaviconHandler godoc
-// @Summary Update favicon
-// @Description Update the application favicon
-// @Tags Application Configuration
-// @Accept multipart/form-data
-// @Param file formData file true "Favicon file (.ico)"
-// @Success 204 "No Content"
-// @Router /api/application-configuration/favicon [put]
-func (acc *AppConfigController) updateFaviconHandler(c *gin.Context) {
-	file, err := c.FormFile("file")
-	if err != nil {
-		_ = c.Error(err)
-		return
-	}
-
-	fileType := utils.GetFileExtension(file.Filename)
-	if fileType != "ico" {
-		_ = c.Error(&common.WrongFileTypeError{ExpectedFileType: ".ico"})
-		return
-	}
-	acc.updateImage(c, "favicon", "ico")
-}
-
-// updateBackgroundImageHandler godoc
-// @Summary Update background image
-// @Description Update the application background image
-// @Tags Application Configuration
-// @Accept multipart/form-data
-// @Param file formData file true "Background image file"
-// @Success 204 "No Content"
-// @Router /api/application-configuration/background-image [put]
-func (acc *AppConfigController) updateBackgroundImageHandler(c *gin.Context) {
-	imageType := acc.appConfigService.GetDbConfig().BackgroundImageType.Value
-	acc.updateImage(c, "background", imageType)
-}
-
-// getImage is a helper function to serve image files
-func (acc *AppConfigController) getImage(c *gin.Context, name string, imageType string) {
-	imagePath := common.EnvConfig.UploadPath + "/application-images/" + name + "." + imageType
-	mimeType := utils.GetImageMimeType(imageType)
-
-	c.Header("Content-Type", mimeType)
-
-	utils.SetCacheControlHeader(c, 15*time.Minute, 24*time.Hour)
-	c.File(imagePath)
-}
-
-// updateImage is a helper function to update image files
-func (acc *AppConfigController) updateImage(c *gin.Context, imageName string, oldImageType string) {
-	file, err := c.FormFile("file")
-	if err != nil {
-		_ = c.Error(err)
-		return
-	}
-
-	err = acc.appConfigService.UpdateImage(c.Request.Context(), file, imageName, oldImageType)
-	if err != nil {
-		_ = c.Error(err)
-		return
-	}
-
-	c.Status(http.StatusNoContent)
-}
-
 // syncLdapHandler godoc
 // @Summary Synchronize LDAP
 // @Description Manually trigger LDAP synchronization

backend/internal/controller/app_images_controller.go

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+package controller
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"strconv"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+
+	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/common"
+	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/middleware"
+	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/service"
+	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/utils"
+)
+
+func NewAppImagesController(
+	group *gin.RouterGroup,
+	authMiddleware *middleware.AuthMiddleware,
+	appImagesService *service.AppImagesService,
+) {
+	controller := &AppImagesController{
+		appImagesService: appImagesService,
+	}
+
+	group.GET("/application-images/logo", controller.getLogoHandler)
+	group.GET("/application-images/background", controller.getBackgroundImageHandler)
+	group.GET("/application-images/favicon", controller.getFaviconHandler)
+
+	group.PUT("/application-images/logo", authMiddleware.Add(), controller.updateLogoHandler)
+	group.PUT("/application-images/background", authMiddleware.Add(), controller.updateBackgroundImageHandler)
+	group.PUT("/application-images/favicon", authMiddleware.Add(), controller.updateFaviconHandler)
+}
+
+type AppImagesController struct {
+	appImagesService *service.AppImagesService
+}
+
+// getLogoHandler godoc
+// @Summary Get logo image
+// @Description Get the logo image for the application
+// @Tags Application Images
+// @Param light query boolean false "Light mode logo (true) or dark mode logo (false)"
+// @Produce image/png
+// @Produce image/jpeg
+// @Produce image/svg+xml
+// @Success 200 {file} binary "Logo image"
+// @Router /api/application-images/logo [get]
+func (c *AppImagesController) getLogoHandler(ctx *gin.Context) {
+	lightLogo, _ := strconv.ParseBool(ctx.DefaultQuery("light", "true"))
+	imageName := "logoLight"
+	if !lightLogo {
+		imageName = "logoDark"
+	}
+
+	c.getImage(ctx, imageName)
+}
+
+// getBackgroundImageHandler godoc
+// @Summary Get background image
+// @Description Get the background image for the application
+// @Tags Application Images
+// @Produce image/png
+// @Produce image/jpeg
+// @Success 200 {file} binary "Background image"
+// @Router /api/application-images/background [get]
+func (c *AppImagesController) getBackgroundImageHandler(ctx *gin.Context) {
+	c.getImage(ctx, "background")
+}
+
+// getFaviconHandler godoc
+// @Summary Get favicon
+// @Description Get the favicon for the application
+// @Tags Application Images
+// @Produce image/x-icon
+// @Success 200 {file} binary "Favicon image"
+// @Router /api/application-images/favicon [get]
+func (c *AppImagesController) getFaviconHandler(ctx *gin.Context) {
+	c.getImage(ctx, "favicon")
+}
+
+// updateLogoHandler godoc
+// @Summary Update logo
+// @Description Update the application logo
+// @Tags Application Images
+// @Accept multipart/form-data
+// @Param light query boolean false "Light mode logo (true) or dark mode logo (false)"
+// @Param file formData file true "Logo image file"
+// @Success 204 "No Content"
+// @Router /api/application-images/logo [put]
+func (c *AppImagesController) updateLogoHandler(ctx *gin.Context) {
+	file, err := ctx.FormFile("file")
+	if err != nil {
+		_ = ctx.Error(err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	lightLogo, _ := strconv.ParseBool(ctx.DefaultQuery("light", "true"))
+	imageName := "logoLight"
+	if !lightLogo {
+		imageName = "logoDark"
+	}
+
+	if err := c.appImagesService.UpdateImage(file, imageName); err != nil {
+		_ = ctx.Error(err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	ctx.Status(http.StatusNoContent)
+}
+
+// updateBackgroundImageHandler godoc
+// @Summary Update background image
+// @Description Update the application background image
+// @Tags Application Images
+// @Accept multipart/form-data
+// @Param file formData file true "Background image file"
+// @Success 204 "No Content"
+// @Router /api/application-images/background [put]
+func (c *AppImagesController) updateBackgroundImageHandler(ctx *gin.Context) {
+	file, err := ctx.FormFile("file")
+	if err != nil {
+		_ = ctx.Error(err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	if err := c.appImagesService.UpdateImage(file, "background"); err != nil {
+		_ = ctx.Error(err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	ctx.Status(http.StatusNoContent)
+}
+
+// updateFaviconHandler godoc
+// @Summary Update favicon
+// @Description Update the application favicon
+// @Tags Application Images
+// @Accept multipart/form-data
+// @Param file formData file true "Favicon file (.ico)"
+// @Success 204 "No Content"
+// @Router /api/application-images/favicon [put]
+func (c *AppImagesController) updateFaviconHandler(ctx *gin.Context) {
+	file, err := ctx.FormFile("file")
+	if err != nil {
+		_ = ctx.Error(err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	fileType := utils.GetFileExtension(file.Filename)
+	if fileType != "ico" {
+		_ = ctx.Error(&common.WrongFileTypeError{ExpectedFileType: ".ico"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	if err := c.appImagesService.UpdateImage(file, "favicon"); err != nil {
+		_ = ctx.Error(err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	ctx.Status(http.StatusNoContent)
+}
+
+func (c *AppImagesController) getImage(ctx *gin.Context, name string) {
+	imagePath, mimeType, err := c.appImagesService.GetImage(name)
+	if err != nil {
+		_ = ctx.Error(err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	ctx.Header("Content-Type", mimeType)
+	utils.SetCacheControlHeader(ctx, 15*time.Minute, 24*time.Hour)
+	ctx.File(imagePath)
+}

backend/internal/controller/oidc_controller.go

@@ -828,7 +828,7 @@ func (oc *OidcController) getClientPreviewHandler(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	preview, err := oc.oidcService.GetClientPreview(c.Request.Context(), clientID, userID, scopes)
+	preview, err := oc.oidcService.GetClientPreview(c.Request.Context(), clientID, userID, strings.Split(scopes, " "))
 	if err != nil {
 		_ = c.Error(err)
 		return

backend/internal/controller/version_controller.go

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+package controller
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/service"
+	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/utils"
+)
+
+// NewVersionController registers version-related routes.
+func NewVersionController(group *gin.RouterGroup, versionService *service.VersionService) {
+	vc := &VersionController{versionService: versionService}
+	group.GET("/version/latest", vc.getLatestVersionHandler)
+}
+
+type VersionController struct {
+	versionService *service.VersionService
+}
+
+// getLatestVersionHandler godoc
+// @Summary Get latest available version of Pocket ID
+// @Tags Version
+// @Produce json
+// @Success 200 {object} map[string]string "Latest version information"
+// @Router /api/version/latest [get]
+func (vc *VersionController) getLatestVersionHandler(c *gin.Context) {
+	tag, err := vc.versionService.GetLatestVersion(c.Request.Context())
+	if err != nil {
+		_ = c.Error(err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	utils.SetCacheControlHeader(c, 5*time.Minute, 15*time.Minute)
+
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
+		"latestVersion": tag,
+	})
+}

backend/internal/controller/well_known_controller.go

@@ -67,6 +67,9 @@ func (wkc *WellKnownController) openIDConfigurationHandler(c *gin.Context) {
 
 func (wkc *WellKnownController) computeOIDCConfiguration() ([]byte, error) {
 	appUrl := common.EnvConfig.AppURL
+
+	internalAppUrl := common.EnvConfig.InternalAppURL
+
 	alg, err := wkc.jwtService.GetKeyAlg()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get key algorithm: %w", err)
@@ -74,13 +77,13 @@ func (wkc *WellKnownController) computeOIDCConfiguration() ([]byte, error) {
 	config := map[string]any{
 		"issuer":                                         appUrl,
 		"authorization_endpoint":                         appUrl + "/authorize",
-		"token_endpoint":                                 appUrl + "/api/oidc/token",
-		"userinfo_endpoint":                              appUrl + "/api/oidc/userinfo",
+		"token_endpoint":                                 internalAppUrl + "/api/oidc/token",
+		"userinfo_endpoint":                              internalAppUrl + "/api/oidc/userinfo",
 		"end_session_endpoint":                           appUrl + "/api/oidc/end-session",
-		"introspection_endpoint":                         appUrl + "/api/oidc/introspect",
+		"introspection_endpoint":                         internalAppUrl + "/api/oidc/introspect",
 		"device_authorization_endpoint":                  appUrl + "/api/oidc/device/authorize",
-		"jwks_uri":                                       appUrl + "/.well-known/jwks.json",
-		"grant_types_supported":                          []string{service.GrantTypeAuthorizationCode, service.GrantTypeRefreshToken, service.GrantTypeDeviceCode},
+		"jwks_uri":                                       internalAppUrl + "/.well-known/jwks.json",
+		"grant_types_supported":                          []string{service.GrantTypeAuthorizationCode, service.GrantTypeRefreshToken, service.GrantTypeDeviceCode, service.GrantTypeClientCredentials},
 		"scopes_supported":                               []string{"openid", "profile", "email", "groups"},
 		"claims_supported":                               []string{"sub", "given_name", "family_name", "name", "email", "email_verified", "preferred_username", "picture", "groups"},
 		"response_types_supported":                       []string{"code", "id_token"},

backend/internal/dto/app_config_dto.go

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ type AppConfigUpdateDto struct {
 	SignupDefaultUserGroupIDs                  string `json:"signupDefaultUserGroupIDs" binding:"omitempty,json"`
 	SignupDefaultCustomClaims                  string `json:"signupDefaultCustomClaims" binding:"omitempty,json"`
 	AccentColor                                string `json:"accentColor"`
+	RequireUserEmail                           string `json:"requireUserEmail" binding:"required"`
 	SmtpHost                                   string `json:"smtpHost"`
 	SmtpPort                                   string `json:"smtpPort"`
 	SmtpFrom                                   string `json:"smtpFrom" binding:"omitempty,email"`
@@ -41,6 +42,7 @@ type AppConfigUpdateDto struct {
 	LdapAttributeUserEmail                     string `json:"ldapAttributeUserEmail"`
 	LdapAttributeUserFirstName                 string `json:"ldapAttributeUserFirstName"`
 	LdapAttributeUserLastName                  string `json:"ldapAttributeUserLastName"`
+	LdapAttributeUserDisplayName               string `json:"ldapAttributeUserDisplayName"`
 	LdapAttributeUserProfilePicture            string `json:"ldapAttributeUserProfilePicture"`
 	LdapAttributeGroupMember                   string `json:"ldapAttributeGroupMember"`
 	LdapAttributeGroupUniqueIdentifier         string `json:"ldapAttributeGroupUniqueIdentifier"`

backend/internal/dto/oidc_dto.go

@@ -31,13 +31,15 @@ type OidcClientWithAllowedGroupsCountDto struct {
 
 type OidcClientUpdateDto struct {
 	Name                     string                   `json:"name" binding:"required,max=50" unorm:"nfc"`
-	CallbackURLs             []string                 `json:"callbackURLs"`
-	LogoutCallbackURLs       []string                 `json:"logoutCallbackURLs"`
+	CallbackURLs             []string                 `json:"callbackURLs" binding:"omitempty,dive,callback_url"`
+	LogoutCallbackURLs       []string                 `json:"logoutCallbackURLs" binding:"omitempty,dive,callback_url"`
 	IsPublic                 bool                     `json:"isPublic"`
 	PkceEnabled              bool                     `json:"pkceEnabled"`
 	RequiresReauthentication bool                     `json:"requiresReauthentication"`
 	Credentials              OidcClientCredentialsDto `json:"credentials"`
 	LaunchURL                *string                  `json:"launchURL" binding:"omitempty,url"`
+	HasLogo                  bool                     `json:"hasLogo"`
+	LogoURL                  *string                  `json:"logoUrl"`
 }
 
 type OidcClientCreateDto struct {
@@ -87,6 +89,7 @@ type OidcCreateTokensDto struct {
 	RefreshToken        string `form:"refresh_token"`
 	ClientAssertion     string `form:"client_assertion"`
 	ClientAssertionType string `form:"client_assertion_type"`
+	Resource            string `form:"resource"`
 }
 
 type OidcIntrospectDto struct {

backend/internal/dto/user_dto.go

@@ -1,15 +1,19 @@
 package dto
 
 import (
+	"errors"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin/binding"
 	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/utils"
 )
 
 type UserDto struct {
 	ID           string           `json:"id"`
 	Username     string           `json:"username"`
-	Email        string           `json:"email" `
+	Email        *string          `json:"email" `
 	FirstName    string           `json:"firstName"`
-	LastName     string           `json:"lastName"`
+	LastName     *string          `json:"lastName"`
+	DisplayName  string           `json:"displayName"`
 	IsAdmin      bool             `json:"isAdmin"`
 	Locale       *string          `json:"locale"`
 	CustomClaims []CustomClaimDto `json:"customClaims"`
@@ -19,14 +23,26 @@ type UserDto struct {
 }
 
 type UserCreateDto struct {
-	Username  string  `json:"username" binding:"required,username,min=2,max=50" unorm:"nfc"`
-	Email     string  `json:"email" binding:"required,email" unorm:"nfc"`
-	FirstName string  `json:"firstName" binding:"required,min=1,max=50" unorm:"nfc"`
-	LastName  string  `json:"lastName" binding:"max=50" unorm:"nfc"`
-	IsAdmin   bool    `json:"isAdmin"`
-	Locale    *string `json:"locale"`
-	Disabled  bool    `json:"disabled"`
-	LdapID    string  `json:"-"`
+	Username    string  `json:"username" binding:"required,username,min=2,max=50" unorm:"nfc"`
+	Email       *string `json:"email" binding:"omitempty,email" unorm:"nfc"`
+	FirstName   string  `json:"firstName" binding:"required,min=1,max=50" unorm:"nfc"`
+	LastName    string  `json:"lastName" binding:"max=50" unorm:"nfc"`
+	DisplayName string  `json:"displayName" binding:"required,min=1,max=100" unorm:"nfc"`
+	IsAdmin     bool    `json:"isAdmin"`
+	Locale      *string `json:"locale"`
+	Disabled    bool    `json:"disabled"`
+	LdapID      string  `json:"-"`
+}
+
+func (u UserCreateDto) Validate() error {
+	e, ok := binding.Validator.Engine().(interface {
+		Struct(s any) error
+	})
+	if !ok {
+		return errors.New("validator does not implement the expected interface")
+	}
+
+	return e.Struct(u)
 }
 
 type OneTimeAccessTokenCreateDto struct {
@@ -48,9 +64,9 @@ type UserUpdateUserGroupDto struct {
 }
 
 type SignUpDto struct {
-	Username  string `json:"username" binding:"required,username,min=2,max=50" unorm:"nfc"`
-	Email     string `json:"email" binding:"required,email" unorm:"nfc"`
-	FirstName string `json:"firstName" binding:"required,min=1,max=50" unorm:"nfc"`
-	LastName  string `json:"lastName" binding:"max=50" unorm:"nfc"`
-	Token     string `json:"token"`
+	Username  string  `json:"username" binding:"required,username,min=2,max=50" unorm:"nfc"`
+	Email     *string `json:"email" binding:"omitempty,email" unorm:"nfc"`
+	FirstName string  `json:"firstName" binding:"required,min=1,max=50" unorm:"nfc"`
+	LastName  string  `json:"lastName" binding:"max=50" unorm:"nfc"`
+	Token     string  `json:"token"`
 }

backend/internal/dto/user_dto_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+package dto
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/utils"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestUserCreateDto_Validate(t *testing.T) {
+	testCases := []struct {
+		name    string
+		input   UserCreateDto
+		wantErr string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "valid input",
+			input: UserCreateDto{
+				Username:    "testuser",
+				Email:       utils.Ptr("test@example.com"),
+				FirstName:   "John",
+				LastName:    "Doe",
+				DisplayName: "John Doe",
+			},
+			wantErr: "",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "missing username",
+			input: UserCreateDto{
+				Email:       utils.Ptr("test@example.com"),
+				FirstName:   "John",
+				LastName:    "Doe",
+				DisplayName: "John Doe",
+			},
+			wantErr: "Field validation for 'Username' failed on the 'required' tag",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "missing display name",
+			input: UserCreateDto{
+				Email:     utils.Ptr("test@example.com"),
+				FirstName: "John",
+				LastName:  "Doe",
+			},
+			wantErr: "Field validation for 'DisplayName' failed on the 'required' tag",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "username contains invalid characters",
+			input: UserCreateDto{
+				Username:    "test/ser",
+				Email:       utils.Ptr("test@example.com"),
+				FirstName:   "John",
+				LastName:    "Doe",
+				DisplayName: "John Doe",
+			},
+			wantErr: "Field validation for 'Username' failed on the 'username' tag",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "invalid email",
+			input: UserCreateDto{
+				Username:    "testuser",
+				Email:       utils.Ptr("not-an-email"),
+				FirstName:   "John",
+				LastName:    "Doe",
+				DisplayName: "John Doe",
+			},
+			wantErr: "Field validation for 'Email' failed on the 'email' tag",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "first name too short",
+			input: UserCreateDto{
+				Username:    "testuser",
+				Email:       utils.Ptr("test@example.com"),
+				FirstName:   "",
+				LastName:    "Doe",
+				DisplayName: "John Doe",
+			},
+			wantErr: "Field validation for 'FirstName' failed on the 'required' tag",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "last name too long",
+			input: UserCreateDto{
+				Username:    "testuser",
+				Email:       utils.Ptr("test@example.com"),
+				FirstName:   "John",
+				LastName:    "abcdfghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz",
+				DisplayName: "John Doe",
+			},
+			wantErr: "Field validation for 'LastName' failed on the 'max' tag",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			err := tc.input.Validate()
+
+			if tc.wantErr == "" {
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				return
+			}
+
+			require.Error(t, err)
+			require.ErrorContains(t, err, tc.wantErr)
+		})
+	}
+}

backend/internal/dto/user_group_dto.go

@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 package dto
 
 import (
+	"errors"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin/binding"
 	datatype "github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/model/types"
 )
 
@@ -39,6 +42,17 @@ type UserGroupCreateDto struct {
 	LdapID       string `json:"-"`
 }
 
+func (g UserGroupCreateDto) Validate() error {
+	e, ok := binding.Validator.Engine().(interface {
+		Struct(s any) error
+	})
+	if !ok {
+		return errors.New("validator does not implement the expected interface")
+	}
+
+	return e.Struct(g)
+}
+
 type UserGroupUpdateUsersDto struct {
 	UserIDs []string `json:"userIds" binding:"required"`
 }

backend/internal/dto/validations.go

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 package dto
 
 import (
+	"net/url"
 	"regexp"
+	"strings"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/utils"
@@ -10,43 +12,74 @@ import (
 	"github.com/go-playground/validator/v10"
 )
 
+// [a-zA-Z0-9]      : The username must start with an alphanumeric character
+// [a-zA-Z0-9_.@-]* : The rest of the username can contain alphanumeric characters, dots, underscores, hyphens, and "@" symbols
+// [a-zA-Z0-9]$     : The username must end with an alphanumeric character
+var validateUsernameRegex = regexp.MustCompile("^[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9_.@-]*[a-zA-Z0-9]$")
+
+var validateClientIDRegex = regexp.MustCompile("^[a-zA-Z0-9._-]+$")
+
 func init() {
 	v := binding.Validator.Engine().(*validator.Validate)
 
-	// [a-zA-Z0-9]      : The username must start with an alphanumeric character
-	// [a-zA-Z0-9_.@-]* : The rest of the username can contain alphanumeric characters, dots, underscores, hyphens, and "@" symbols
-	// [a-zA-Z0-9]$     : The username must end with an alphanumeric character
-	var validateUsernameRegex = regexp.MustCompile("^[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9_.@-]*[a-zA-Z0-9]$")
-
-	var validateClientIDRegex = regexp.MustCompile("^[a-zA-Z0-9._-]+$")
-
 	// Maximum allowed value for TTLs
 	const maxTTL = 31 * 24 * time.Hour
 
-	// Errors here are development-time ones
-	err := v.RegisterValidation("username", func(fl validator.FieldLevel) bool {
-		return validateUsernameRegex.MatchString(fl.Field().String())
-	})
-	if err != nil {
+	if err := v.RegisterValidation("username", func(fl validator.FieldLevel) bool {
+		return ValidateUsername(fl.Field().String())
+	}); err != nil {
 		panic("Failed to register custom validation for username: " + err.Error())
 	}
 
-	err = v.RegisterValidation("client_id", func(fl validator.FieldLevel) bool {
-		return validateClientIDRegex.MatchString(fl.Field().String())
-	})
-	if err != nil {
+	if err := v.RegisterValidation("client_id", func(fl validator.FieldLevel) bool {
+		return ValidateClientID(fl.Field().String())
+	}); err != nil {
 		panic("Failed to register custom validation for client_id: " + err.Error())
 	}
 
-	err = v.RegisterValidation("ttl", func(fl validator.FieldLevel) bool {
+	if err := v.RegisterValidation("ttl", func(fl validator.FieldLevel) bool {
 		ttl, ok := fl.Field().Interface().(utils.JSONDuration)
 		if !ok {
 			return false
 		}
 		// Allow zero, which means the field wasn't set
-		return ttl.Duration == 0 || ttl.Duration > time.Second && ttl.Duration <= maxTTL
-	})
-	if err != nil {
+		return ttl.Duration == 0 || (ttl.Duration > time.Second && ttl.Duration <= maxTTL)
+	}); err != nil {
 		panic("Failed to register custom validation for ttl: " + err.Error())
 	}
+
+	if err := v.RegisterValidation("callback_url", func(fl validator.FieldLevel) bool {
+		return ValidateCallbackURL(fl.Field().String())
+	}); err != nil {
+		panic("Failed to register custom validation for callback_url: " + err.Error())
+	}
+}
+
+// ValidateUsername validates username inputs
+func ValidateUsername(username string) bool {
+	return validateUsernameRegex.MatchString(username)
+}
+
+// ValidateClientID validates client ID inputs
+func ValidateClientID(clientID string) bool {
+	return validateClientIDRegex.MatchString(clientID)
+}
+
+// ValidateCallbackURL validates callback URLs with support for wildcards
+func ValidateCallbackURL(raw string) bool {
+	// Don't validate if it contains a wildcard
+	if strings.Contains(raw, "*") {
+		return true
+	}
+
+	u, err := url.Parse(raw)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if !u.IsAbs() {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	return true
 }

backend/internal/dto/validations_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+package dto
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestValidateUsername(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		input    string
+		expected bool
+	}{
+		{"valid simple", "user123", true},
+		{"valid with dot", "user.name", true},
+		{"valid with underscore", "user_name", true},
+		{"valid with hyphen", "user-name", true},
+		{"valid with at", "user@name", true},
+		{"starts with symbol", ".username", false},
+		{"ends with non-alphanumeric", "username-", false},
+		{"contains space", "user name", false},
+		{"empty", "", false},
+		{"only special chars", "-._@", false},
+		{"valid long", "a1234567890_b.c-d@e", true},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.expected, ValidateUsername(tt.input))
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestValidateClientID(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		input    string
+		expected bool
+	}{
+		{"valid simple", "client123", true},
+		{"valid with dot", "client.id", true},
+		{"valid with underscore", "client_id", true},
+		{"valid with hyphen", "client-id", true},
+		{"valid with all", "client.id-123_abc", true},
+		{"contains space", "client id", false},
+		{"contains at", "client@id", false},
+		{"empty", "", false},
+		{"only special chars", "-._", true},
+		{"invalid char", "client!id", false},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.expected, ValidateClientID(tt.input))
+		})
+	}
+}

backend/internal/job/api_key_expiry_job.go

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ func (j *ApiKeyEmailJobs) checkAndNotifyExpiringApiKeys(ctx context.Context) err
 	}
 
 	for _, key := range apiKeys {
-		if key.User.Email == "" {
+		if key.User.Email == nil {
 			continue
 		}
 		err = j.apiKeyService.SendApiKeyExpiringSoonEmail(ctx, key)

backend/internal/middleware/csp_middleware.go

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+package middleware
+
+import (
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"encoding/base64"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+)
+
+// CspMiddleware sets a Content Security Policy header and, when possible,
+// includes a per-request nonce for inline scripts.
+type CspMiddleware struct{}
+
+func NewCspMiddleware() *CspMiddleware { return &CspMiddleware{} }
+
+// GetCSPNonce returns the CSP nonce generated for this request, if any.
+func GetCSPNonce(c *gin.Context) string {
+	if v, ok := c.Get("csp_nonce"); ok {
+		if s, ok := v.(string); ok {
+			return s
+		}
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+func (m *CspMiddleware) Add() gin.HandlerFunc {
+	return func(c *gin.Context) {
+		// Generate a random base64 nonce for this request
+		nonce := generateNonce()
+		c.Set("csp_nonce", nonce)
+
+		csp := "default-src 'self'; " +
+			"base-uri 'self'; " +
+			"object-src 'none'; " +
+			"frame-ancestors 'none'; " +
+			"form-action 'self'; " +
+			"img-src * blob:;" +
+			"font-src 'self'; " +
+			"style-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline'; " +
+			"script-src 'self' 'nonce-" + nonce + "'"
+
+		c.Writer.Header().Set("Content-Security-Policy", csp)
+		c.Next()
+	}
+}
+
+func generateNonce() string {
+	b := make([]byte, 16)
+	if _, err := rand.Read(b); err != nil {
+		return "" // if generation fails, return empty; policy will omit nonce
+	}
+	return base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString(b)
+}

backend/internal/middleware/error_handler.go

@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ func handleValidationError(validationErrors validator.ValidationErrors) string {
 		case "email":
 			errorMessage = fmt.Sprintf("%s must be a valid email address", fieldName)
 		case "username":
-			errorMessage = fmt.Sprintf("%s must only contain lowercase letters, numbers, underscores, dots, hyphens, and '@' symbols and not start or end with a special character", fieldName)
+			errorMessage = fmt.Sprintf("%s must only contain letters, numbers, underscores, dots, hyphens, and '@' symbols and not start or end with a special character", fieldName)
 		case "url":
 			errorMessage = fmt.Sprintf("%s must be a valid URL", fieldName)
 		case "min":

backend/internal/model/app_config.go

@@ -44,11 +44,9 @@ type AppConfig struct {
 	SignupDefaultUserGroupIDs AppConfigVariable `key:"signupDefaultUserGroupIDs"`
 	SignupDefaultCustomClaims AppConfigVariable `key:"signupDefaultCustomClaims"`
 	// Internal
-	BackgroundImageType AppConfigVariable `key:"backgroundImageType,internal"` // Internal
-	LogoLightImageType  AppConfigVariable `key:"logoLightImageType,internal"`  // Internal
-	LogoDarkImageType   AppConfigVariable `key:"logoDarkImageType,internal"`   // Internal
-	InstanceID          AppConfigVariable `key:"instanceId,internal"`          // Internal
+	InstanceID AppConfigVariable `key:"instanceId,internal"` // Internal
 	// Email
+	RequireUserEmail                           AppConfigVariable `key:"requireUserEmail,public"` // Public
 	SmtpHost                                   AppConfigVariable `key:"smtpHost"`
 	SmtpPort                                   AppConfigVariable `key:"smtpPort"`
 	SmtpFrom                                   AppConfigVariable `key:"smtpFrom"`
@@ -74,6 +72,7 @@ type AppConfig struct {
 	LdapAttributeUserEmail             AppConfigVariable `key:"ldapAttributeUserEmail"`
 	LdapAttributeUserFirstName         AppConfigVariable `key:"ldapAttributeUserFirstName"`
 	LdapAttributeUserLastName          AppConfigVariable `key:"ldapAttributeUserLastName"`
+	LdapAttributeUserDisplayName       AppConfigVariable `key:"ldapAttributeUserDisplayName"`
 	LdapAttributeUserProfilePicture    AppConfigVariable `key:"ldapAttributeUserProfilePicture"`
 	LdapAttributeGroupMember           AppConfigVariable `key:"ldapAttributeGroupMember"`
 	LdapAttributeGroupUniqueIdentifier AppConfigVariable `key:"ldapAttributeGroupUniqueIdentifier"`

backend/internal/model/oidc.go

@@ -4,8 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"database/sql/driver"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
-
-	"gorm.io/gorm"
+	"strings"
 
 	datatype "github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/model/types"
 )
@@ -21,6 +20,14 @@ type UserAuthorizedOidcClient struct {
 	Client   OidcClient
 }
 
+func (c UserAuthorizedOidcClient) Scopes() []string {
+	if len(c.Scope) == 0 {
+		return []string{}
+	}
+
+	return strings.Split(c.Scope, " ")
+}
+
 type OidcAuthorizationCode struct {
 	Base
 
@@ -45,7 +52,6 @@ type OidcClient struct {
 	CallbackURLs             UrlList
 	LogoutCallbackURLs       UrlList
 	ImageType                *string
-	HasLogo                  bool `gorm:"-"`
 	IsPublic                 bool
 	PkceEnabled              bool
 	RequiresReauthentication bool
@@ -58,6 +64,10 @@ type OidcClient struct {
 	UserAuthorizedOidcClients []UserAuthorizedOidcClient `gorm:"foreignKey:ClientID;references:ID"`
 }
 
+func (c OidcClient) HasLogo() bool {
+	return c.ImageType != nil && *c.ImageType != ""
+}
+
 type OidcRefreshToken struct {
 	Base
 
@@ -72,10 +82,12 @@ type OidcRefreshToken struct {
 	Client   OidcClient
 }
 
-func (c *OidcClient) AfterFind(_ *gorm.DB) (err error) {
-	// Compute HasLogo field
-	c.HasLogo = c.ImageType != nil && *c.ImageType != ""
-	return nil
+func (c OidcRefreshToken) Scopes() []string {
+	if len(c.Scope) == 0 {
+		return []string{}
+	}
+
+	return strings.Split(c.Scope, " ")
 }
 
 type OidcClientCredentials struct { //nolint:recvcheck

backend/internal/model/user.go

@@ -13,14 +13,15 @@ import (
 type User struct {
 	Base
 
-	Username  string `sortable:"true"`
-	Email     string `sortable:"true"`
-	FirstName string `sortable:"true"`
-	LastName  string `sortable:"true"`
-	IsAdmin   bool   `sortable:"true"`
-	Locale    *string
-	LdapID    *string
-	Disabled  bool `sortable:"true"`
+	Username    string  `sortable:"true"`
+	Email       *string `sortable:"true"`
+	FirstName   string  `sortable:"true"`
+	LastName    string  `sortable:"true"`
+	DisplayName string  `sortable:"true"`
+	IsAdmin     bool    `sortable:"true"`
+	Locale      *string
+	LdapID      *string
+	Disabled    bool `sortable:"true"`
 
 	CustomClaims []CustomClaim
 	UserGroups   []UserGroup `gorm:"many2many:user_groups_users;"`
@@ -31,7 +32,12 @@ func (u User) WebAuthnID() []byte { return []byte(u.ID) }
 
 func (u User) WebAuthnName() string { return u.Username }
 
-func (u User) WebAuthnDisplayName() string { return u.FirstName + " " + u.LastName }
+func (u User) WebAuthnDisplayName() string {
+	if u.DisplayName != "" {
+		return u.DisplayName
+	}
+	return u.FirstName + " " + u.LastName
+}
 
 func (u User) WebAuthnIcon() string { return "" }
 
@@ -66,7 +72,9 @@ func (u User) WebAuthnCredentialDescriptors() (descriptors []protocol.Credential
 	return descriptors
 }
 
-func (u User) FullName() string { return u.FirstName + " " + u.LastName }
+func (u User) FullName() string {
+	return u.FirstName + " " + u.LastName
+}
 
 func (u User) Initials() string {
 	first := utils.GetFirstCharacter(u.FirstName)

backend/internal/service/api_key_service.go

@@ -144,9 +144,13 @@ func (s *ApiKeyService) SendApiKeyExpiringSoonEmail(ctx context.Context, apiKey
 		}
 	}
 
+	if user.Email == nil {
+		return &common.UserEmailNotSetError{}
+	}
+
 	err := SendEmail(ctx, s.emailService, email.Address{
 		Name:  user.FullName(),
-		Email: user.Email,
+		Email: *user.Email,
 	}, ApiKeyExpiringSoonTemplate, &ApiKeyExpiringSoonTemplateData{
 		ApiKeyName: apiKey.Name,
 		ExpiresAt:  apiKey.ExpiresAt.ToTime(),

backend/internal/service/app_config_service.go

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"mime/multipart"
 	"os"
 	"reflect"
 	"strings"
@@ -70,11 +69,9 @@ func (s *AppConfigService) getDefaultDbConfig() *model.AppConfig {
 		SignupDefaultCustomClaims: model.AppConfigVariable{Value: "[]"},
 		AccentColor:               model.AppConfigVariable{Value: "default"},
 		// Internal
-		BackgroundImageType: model.AppConfigVariable{Value: "jpg"},
-		LogoLightImageType:  model.AppConfigVariable{Value: "svg"},
-		LogoDarkImageType:   model.AppConfigVariable{Value: "svg"},
-		InstanceID:          model.AppConfigVariable{Value: ""},
+		InstanceID: model.AppConfigVariable{Value: ""},
 		// Email
+		RequireUserEmail:              model.AppConfigVariable{Value: "true"},
 		SmtpHost:                      model.AppConfigVariable{},
 		SmtpPort:                      model.AppConfigVariable{},
 		SmtpFrom:                      model.AppConfigVariable{},
@@ -100,6 +97,7 @@ func (s *AppConfigService) getDefaultDbConfig() *model.AppConfig {
 		LdapAttributeUserEmail:             model.AppConfigVariable{},
 		LdapAttributeUserFirstName:         model.AppConfigVariable{},
 		LdapAttributeUserLastName:          model.AppConfigVariable{},
+		LdapAttributeUserDisplayName:       model.AppConfigVariable{Value: "cn"},
 		LdapAttributeUserProfilePicture:    model.AppConfigVariable{},
 		LdapAttributeGroupMember:           model.AppConfigVariable{Value: "member"},
 		LdapAttributeGroupUniqueIdentifier: model.AppConfigVariable{},
@@ -321,39 +319,6 @@ func (s *AppConfigService) ListAppConfig(showAll bool) []model.AppConfigVariable
 	return s.GetDbConfig().ToAppConfigVariableSlice(showAll, true)
 }
 
-func (s *AppConfigService) UpdateImage(ctx context.Context, uploadedFile *multipart.FileHeader, imageName string, oldImageType string) (err error) {
-	fileType := strings.ToLower(utils.GetFileExtension(uploadedFile.Filename))
-	mimeType := utils.GetImageMimeType(fileType)
-	if mimeType == "" {
-		return &common.FileTypeNotSupportedError{}
-	}
-
-	// Save the updated image
-	imagePath := common.EnvConfig.UploadPath + "/application-images/" + imageName + "." + fileType
-	err = utils.SaveFile(uploadedFile, imagePath)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	// Delete the old image if it has a different file type, then update the type in the database
-	if fileType != oldImageType {
-		oldImagePath := common.EnvConfig.UploadPath + "/application-images/" + imageName + "." + oldImageType
-		err = os.Remove(oldImagePath)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		// Update the file type in the database
-		err = s.UpdateAppConfigValues(ctx, imageName+"ImageType", fileType)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
 // LoadDbConfig loads the configuration values from the database into the DbConfig struct.
 func (s *AppConfigService) LoadDbConfig(ctx context.Context) (err error) {
 	dest, err := s.loadDbConfigInternal(ctx, s.db)

backend/internal/service/app_images_service.go

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"mime/multipart"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/common"
+	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/utils"
+)
+
+type AppImagesService struct {
+	mu         sync.RWMutex
+	extensions map[string]string
+}
+
+func NewAppImagesService(extensions map[string]string) *AppImagesService {
+	return &AppImagesService{extensions: extensions}
+}
+
+func (s *AppImagesService) GetImage(name string) (string, string, error) {
+	ext, err := s.getExtension(name)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", "", err
+	}
+
+	mimeType := utils.GetImageMimeType(ext)
+	if mimeType == "" {
+		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("unsupported image type '%s'", ext)
+	}
+
+	imagePath := filepath.Join(common.EnvConfig.UploadPath, "application-images", fmt.Sprintf("%s.%s", name, ext))
+	return imagePath, mimeType, nil
+}
+
+func (s *AppImagesService) UpdateImage(file *multipart.FileHeader, imageName string) error {
+	fileType := strings.ToLower(utils.GetFileExtension(file.Filename))
+	mimeType := utils.GetImageMimeType(fileType)
+	if mimeType == "" {
+		return &common.FileTypeNotSupportedError{}
+	}
+
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	defer s.mu.Unlock()
+
+	currentExt, ok := s.extensions[imageName]
+	if !ok {
+		return fmt.Errorf("unknown application image '%s'", imageName)
+	}
+
+	imagePath := filepath.Join(common.EnvConfig.UploadPath, "application-images", fmt.Sprintf("%s.%s", imageName, fileType))
+
+	if err := utils.SaveFile(file, imagePath); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if currentExt != "" && currentExt != fileType {
+		oldImagePath := filepath.Join(common.EnvConfig.UploadPath, "application-images", fmt.Sprintf("%s.%s", imageName, currentExt))
+		if err := os.Remove(oldImagePath); err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	s.extensions[imageName] = fileType
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *AppImagesService) getExtension(name string) (string, error) {
+	s.mu.RLock()
+	defer s.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	ext, ok := s.extensions[name]
+	if !ok || ext == "" {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("unknown application image '%s'", name)
+	}
+
+	return strings.ToLower(ext), nil
+}

backend/internal/service/app_images_service_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"io/fs"
+	"mime/multipart"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/common"
+)
+
+func TestAppImagesService_GetImage(t *testing.T) {
+	tempDir := t.TempDir()
+	originalUploadPath := common.EnvConfig.UploadPath
+	common.EnvConfig.UploadPath = tempDir
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		common.EnvConfig.UploadPath = originalUploadPath
+	})
+
+	imagesDir := filepath.Join(tempDir, "application-images")
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(imagesDir, 0o755))
+
+	filePath := filepath.Join(imagesDir, "background.webp")
+	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(filePath, []byte("data"), fs.FileMode(0o644)))
+
+	service := NewAppImagesService(map[string]string{"background": "webp"})
+
+	path, mimeType, err := service.GetImage("background")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Equal(t, filePath, path)
+	require.Equal(t, "image/webp", mimeType)
+}
+
+func TestAppImagesService_UpdateImage(t *testing.T) {
+	tempDir := t.TempDir()
+	originalUploadPath := common.EnvConfig.UploadPath
+	common.EnvConfig.UploadPath = tempDir
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		common.EnvConfig.UploadPath = originalUploadPath
+	})
+
+	imagesDir := filepath.Join(tempDir, "application-images")
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(imagesDir, 0o755))
+
+	oldPath := filepath.Join(imagesDir, "logoLight.svg")
+	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(oldPath, []byte("old"), fs.FileMode(0o644)))
+
+	service := NewAppImagesService(map[string]string{"logoLight": "svg"})
+
+	fileHeader := newFileHeader(t, "logoLight.png", []byte("new"))
+
+	require.NoError(t, service.UpdateImage(fileHeader, "logoLight"))
+
+	_, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(imagesDir, "logoLight.png"))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	_, err = os.Stat(oldPath)
+	require.ErrorIs(t, err, os.ErrNotExist)
+}
+
+func newFileHeader(t *testing.T, filename string, content []byte) *multipart.FileHeader {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	body := &bytes.Buffer{}
+	writer := multipart.NewWriter(body)
+
+	part, err := writer.CreateFormFile("file", filename)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	_, err = part.Write(content)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	require.NoError(t, writer.Close())
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/", body)
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", writer.FormDataContentType())
+
+	_, fileHeader, err := req.FormFile("file")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	return fileHeader
+}

backend/internal/service/audit_log_service.go

@@ -111,9 +111,13 @@ func (s *AuditLogService) CreateNewSignInWithEmail(ctx context.Context, ipAddres
 				return
 			}
 
+			if user.Email == nil {
+				return
+			}
+
 			innerErr = SendEmail(innerCtx, s.emailService, email.Address{
 				Name:  user.FullName(),
-				Email: user.Email,
+				Email: *user.Email,
 			}, NewLoginTemplate, &NewLoginTemplateData{
 				IPAddress: ipAddress,
 				Country:   createdAuditLog.Country,
@@ -122,7 +126,7 @@ func (s *AuditLogService) CreateNewSignInWithEmail(ctx context.Context, ipAddres
 				DateTime:  createdAuditLog.CreatedAt.UTC(),
 			})
 			if innerErr != nil {
-				slog.ErrorContext(innerCtx, "Failed to send notification email", slog.Any("error", innerErr), slog.String("address", user.Email))
+				slog.ErrorContext(innerCtx, "Failed to send notification email", slog.Any("error", innerErr), slog.String("address", *user.Email))
 				return
 			}
 		}()

backend/internal/service/custom_claim_service.go

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ func isReservedClaim(key string) bool {
 		"name",
 		"email",
 		"preferred_username",
+		"display_name",
 		"groups",
 		TokenTypeClaim,
 		"sub",

backend/internal/service/e2etest_service.go

@@ -78,21 +78,23 @@ func (s *TestService) SeedDatabase(baseURL string) error {
 				Base: model.Base{
 					ID: "f4b89dc2-62fb-46bf-9f5f-c34f4eafe93e",
 				},
-				Username:  "tim",
-				Email:     "tim.cook@test.com",
-				FirstName: "Tim",
-				LastName:  "Cook",
-				IsAdmin:   true,
+				Username:    "tim",
+				Email:       utils.Ptr("tim.cook@test.com"),
+				FirstName:   "Tim",
+				LastName:    "Cook",
+				DisplayName: "Tim Cook",
+				IsAdmin:     true,
 			},
 			{
 				Base: model.Base{
 					ID: "1cd19686-f9a6-43f4-a41f-14a0bf5b4036",
 				},
-				Username:  "craig",
-				Email:     "craig.federighi@test.com",
-				FirstName: "Craig",
-				LastName:  "Federighi",
-				IsAdmin:   false,
+				Username:    "craig",
+				Email:       utils.Ptr("craig.federighi@test.com"),
+				FirstName:   "Craig",
+				LastName:    "Federighi",
+				DisplayName: "Craig Federighi",
+				IsAdmin:     false,
 			},
 		}
 		for _, user := range users {
@@ -343,7 +345,7 @@ func (s *TestService) SeedDatabase(baseURL string) error {
 			},
 			{
 				Base: model.Base{
-					ID: "b2c3d4e5-f6g7-8901-bcde-f12345678901",
+					ID: "dc3c9c96-714e-48eb-926e-2d7c7858e6cf",
 				},
 				Token:      "PARTIAL567890ABC",
 				ExpiresAt:  datatype.DateTime(time.Now().Add(7 * 24 * time.Hour)),
@@ -352,7 +354,7 @@ func (s *TestService) SeedDatabase(baseURL string) error {
 			},
 			{
 				Base: model.Base{
-					ID: "c3d4e5f6-g7h8-9012-cdef-123456789012",
+					ID: "44de1863-ffa5-4db1-9507-4887cd7a1e3f",
 				},
 				Token:      "EXPIRED34567890B",
 				ExpiresAt:  datatype.DateTime(time.Now().Add(-24 * time.Hour)), // Expired
@@ -361,7 +363,7 @@ func (s *TestService) SeedDatabase(baseURL string) error {
 			},
 			{
 				Base: model.Base{
-					ID: "d4e5f6g7-h8i9-0123-def0-234567890123",
+					ID: "f1b1678b-7720-4d8b-8f91-1dbff1e2d02b",
 				},
 				Token:      "FULLYUSED567890C",
 				ExpiresAt:  datatype.DateTime(time.Now().Add(24 * time.Hour)),

backend/internal/service/email_service.go

@@ -62,9 +62,13 @@ func (srv *EmailService) SendTestEmail(ctx context.Context, recipientUserId stri
 		return err
 	}
 
+	if user.Email == nil {
+		return &common.UserEmailNotSetError{}
+	}
+
 	return SendEmail(ctx, srv,
 		email.Address{
-			Email: user.Email,
+			Email: *user.Email,
 			Name:  user.FullName(),
 		}, TestTemplate, nil)
 }
@@ -74,7 +78,7 @@ func SendEmail[V any](ctx context.Context, srv *EmailService, toEmail email.Addr
 
 	data := &email.TemplateData[V]{
 		AppName: dbConfig.AppName.Value,
-		LogoURL: common.EnvConfig.AppURL + "/api/application-configuration/logo",
+		LogoURL: common.EnvConfig.AppURL + "/api/application-images/logo",
 		Data:    tData,
 	}
 
@@ -262,7 +266,7 @@ func prepareBody[V any](srv *EmailService, template email.Template[V], data *ema
 
 	// prepare text part
 	var textHeader = textproto.MIMEHeader{}
-	textHeader.Add("Content-Type", "text/plain;\n charset=UTF-8")
+	textHeader.Add("Content-Type", "text/plain; charset=UTF-8")
 	textHeader.Add("Content-Transfer-Encoding", "quoted-printable")
 	textPart, err := mpart.CreatePart(textHeader)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -274,18 +278,17 @@ func prepareBody[V any](srv *EmailService, template email.Template[V], data *ema
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("execute text template: %w", err)
 	}
+	textQp.Close()
 
-	// prepare html part
 	var htmlHeader = textproto.MIMEHeader{}
-	htmlHeader.Add("Content-Type", "text/html;\n charset=UTF-8")
-	htmlHeader.Add("Content-Transfer-Encoding", "quoted-printable")
+	htmlHeader.Add("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=UTF-8")
+	htmlHeader.Add("Content-Transfer-Encoding", "8bit")
 	htmlPart, err := mpart.CreatePart(htmlHeader)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("create html part: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	htmlQp := quotedprintable.NewWriter(htmlPart)
-	err = email.GetTemplate(srv.htmlTemplates, template).ExecuteTemplate(htmlQp, "root", data)
+	err = email.GetTemplate(srv.htmlTemplates, template).ExecuteTemplate(htmlPart, "root", data)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("execute html template: %w", err)
 	}

backend/internal/service/geolite_service.go

@@ -13,35 +13,19 @@ import (
 	"net/netip"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
-	"strings"
 	"sync"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/oschwald/maxminddb-golang/v2"
+	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/utils"
 
 	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/common"
 )
 
 type GeoLiteService struct {
-	httpClient      *http.Client
-	disableUpdater  bool
-	mutex           sync.RWMutex
-	localIPv6Ranges []*net.IPNet
-}
-
-var localhostIPNets = []*net.IPNet{
-	{IP: net.IPv4(127, 0, 0, 0), Mask: net.CIDRMask(8, 32)}, // 127.0.0.0/8
-	{IP: net.IPv6loopback, Mask: net.CIDRMask(128, 128)},    // ::1/128
-}
-
-var privateLanIPNets = []*net.IPNet{
-	{IP: net.IPv4(10, 0, 0, 0), Mask: net.CIDRMask(8, 32)},     // 10.0.0.0/8
-	{IP: net.IPv4(172, 16, 0, 0), Mask: net.CIDRMask(12, 32)},  // 172.16.0.0/12
-	{IP: net.IPv4(192, 168, 0, 0), Mask: net.CIDRMask(16, 32)}, // 192.168.0.0/16
-}
-
-var tailscaleIPNets = []*net.IPNet{
-	{IP: net.IPv4(100, 64, 0, 0), Mask: net.CIDRMask(10, 32)}, // 100.64.0.0/10
+	httpClient     *http.Client
+	disableUpdater bool
+	mutex          sync.RWMutex
 }
 
 // NewGeoLiteService initializes a new GeoLiteService instance and starts a goroutine to update the GeoLite2 City database.
@@ -56,67 +40,9 @@ func NewGeoLiteService(httpClient *http.Client) *GeoLiteService {
 		service.disableUpdater = true
 	}
 
-	// Initialize IPv6 local ranges
-	err := service.initializeIPv6LocalRanges()
-	if err != nil {
-		slog.Warn("Failed to initialize IPv6 local ranges", slog.Any("error", err))
-	}
-
 	return service
 }
 
-// initializeIPv6LocalRanges parses the LOCAL_IPV6_RANGES environment variable
-func (s *GeoLiteService) initializeIPv6LocalRanges() error {
-	rangesEnv := common.EnvConfig.LocalIPv6Ranges
-	if rangesEnv == "" {
-		return nil // No local IPv6 ranges configured
-	}
-
-	ranges := strings.Split(rangesEnv, ",")
-	localRanges := make([]*net.IPNet, 0, len(ranges))
-
-	for _, rangeStr := range ranges {
-		rangeStr = strings.TrimSpace(rangeStr)
-		if rangeStr == "" {
-			continue
-		}
-
-		_, ipNet, err := net.ParseCIDR(rangeStr)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("invalid IPv6 range '%s': %w", rangeStr, err)
-		}
-
-		// Ensure it's an IPv6 range
-		if ipNet.IP.To4() != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("range '%s' is not a valid IPv6 range", rangeStr)
-		}
-
-		localRanges = append(localRanges, ipNet)
-	}
-
-	s.localIPv6Ranges = localRanges
-
-	if len(localRanges) > 0 {
-		slog.Info("Initialized IPv6 local ranges", slog.Int("count", len(localRanges)))
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// isLocalIPv6 checks if the given IPv6 address is within any of the configured local ranges
-func (s *GeoLiteService) isLocalIPv6(ip net.IP) bool {
-	if ip.To4() != nil {
-		return false // Not an IPv6 address
-	}
-
-	for _, localRange := range s.localIPv6Ranges {
-		if localRange.Contains(ip) {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
-
-	return false
-}
-
 func (s *GeoLiteService) DisableUpdater() bool {
 	return s.disableUpdater
 }
@@ -129,26 +55,17 @@ func (s *GeoLiteService) GetLocationByIP(ipAddress string) (country, city string
 
 	// Check the IP address against known private IP ranges
 	if ip := net.ParseIP(ipAddress); ip != nil {
-		// Check IPv6 local ranges first
-		if s.isLocalIPv6(ip) {
+		if utils.IsLocalIPv6(ip) {
 			return "Internal Network", "LAN", nil
 		}
-
-		// Check existing IPv4 ranges
-		for _, ipNet := range tailscaleIPNets {
-			if ipNet.Contains(ip) {
-				return "Internal Network", "Tailscale", nil
-			}
+		if utils.IsTailscaleIP(ip) {
+			return "Internal Network", "Tailscale", nil
 		}
-		for _, ipNet := range privateLanIPNets {
-			if ipNet.Contains(ip) {
-				return "Internal Network", "LAN", nil
-			}
+		if utils.IsPrivateIP(ip) {
+			return "Internal Network", "LAN", nil
 		}
-		for _, ipNet := range localhostIPNets {
-			if ipNet.Contains(ip) {
-				return "Internal Network", "localhost", nil
-			}
+		if utils.IsLocalhostIP(ip) {
+			return "Internal Network", "localhost", nil
 		}
 	}
 

backend/internal/service/geolite_service_test.go

@@ -1,220 +0,0 @@
-package service
-
-import (
-	"net"
-	"net/http"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/common"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
-)
-
-func TestGeoLiteService_IPv6LocalRanges(t *testing.T) {
-	tests := []struct {
-		name            string
-		localRanges     string
-		testIP          string
-		expectedCountry string
-		expectedCity    string
-		expectError     bool
-	}{
-		{
-			name:            "IPv6 in local range",
-			localRanges:     "2001:0db8:abcd:000::/56,2001:0db8:abcd:001::/56",
-			testIP:          "2001:0db8:abcd:000::1",
-			expectedCountry: "Internal Network",
-			expectedCity:    "LAN",
-			expectError:     false,
-		},
-		{
-			name:        "IPv6 not in local range",
-			localRanges: "2001:0db8:abcd:000::/56",
-			testIP:      "2001:0db8:ffff:000::1",
-			expectError: true,
-		},
-		{
-			name:            "Multiple ranges - second range match",
-			localRanges:     "2001:0db8:abcd:000::/56,2001:0db8:abcd:001::/56",
-			testIP:          "2001:0db8:abcd:001::1",
-			expectedCountry: "Internal Network",
-			expectedCity:    "LAN",
-			expectError:     false,
-		},
-		{
-			name:        "Empty local ranges",
-			localRanges: "",
-			testIP:      "2001:0db8:abcd:000::1",
-			expectError: true,
-		},
-		{
-			name:            "IPv4 private address still works",
-			localRanges:     "2001:0db8:abcd:000::/56",
-			testIP:          "192.168.1.1",
-			expectedCountry: "Internal Network",
-			expectedCity:    "LAN",
-			expectError:     false,
-		},
-		{
-			name:            "IPv6 loopback",
-			localRanges:     "2001:0db8:abcd:000::/56",
-			testIP:          "::1",
-			expectedCountry: "Internal Network",
-			expectedCity:    "localhost",
-			expectError:     false,
-		},
-	}
-
-	for _, tt := range tests {
-		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			originalConfig := common.EnvConfig.LocalIPv6Ranges
-			common.EnvConfig.LocalIPv6Ranges = tt.localRanges
-			defer func() {
-				common.EnvConfig.LocalIPv6Ranges = originalConfig
-			}()
-
-			service := NewGeoLiteService(&http.Client{})
-
-			country, city, err := service.GetLocationByIP(tt.testIP)
-
-			if tt.expectError {
-				if err == nil && country != "Internal Network" {
-					t.Errorf("Expected error or internal network classification for external IP")
-				}
-			} else {
-				require.NoError(t, err)
-				assert.Equal(t, tt.expectedCountry, country)
-				assert.Equal(t, tt.expectedCity, city)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func TestGeoLiteService_isLocalIPv6(t *testing.T) {
-	tests := []struct {
-		name        string
-		localRanges string
-		testIP      string
-		expected    bool
-	}{
-		{
-			name:        "Valid IPv6 in range",
-			localRanges: "2001:0db8:abcd:000::/56",
-			testIP:      "2001:0db8:abcd:000::1",
-			expected:    true,
-		},
-		{
-			name:        "Valid IPv6 not in range",
-			localRanges: "2001:0db8:abcd:000::/56",
-			testIP:      "2001:0db8:ffff:000::1",
-			expected:    false,
-		},
-		{
-			name:        "IPv4 address should return false",
-			localRanges: "2001:0db8:abcd:000::/56",
-			testIP:      "192.168.1.1",
-			expected:    false,
-		},
-		{
-			name:        "No ranges configured",
-			localRanges: "",
-			testIP:      "2001:0db8:abcd:000::1",
-			expected:    false,
-		},
-		{
-			name:        "Edge of range",
-			localRanges: "2001:0db8:abcd:000::/56",
-			testIP:      "2001:0db8:abcd:00ff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff",
-			expected:    true,
-		},
-	}
-
-	for _, tt := range tests {
-		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			originalConfig := common.EnvConfig.LocalIPv6Ranges
-			common.EnvConfig.LocalIPv6Ranges = tt.localRanges
-			defer func() {
-				common.EnvConfig.LocalIPv6Ranges = originalConfig
-			}()
-
-			service := NewGeoLiteService(&http.Client{})
-			ip := net.ParseIP(tt.testIP)
-			if ip == nil {
-				t.Fatalf("Invalid test IP: %s", tt.testIP)
-			}
-
-			result := service.isLocalIPv6(ip)
-			assert.Equal(t, tt.expected, result)
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func TestGeoLiteService_initializeIPv6LocalRanges(t *testing.T) {
-	tests := []struct {
-		name        string
-		envValue    string
-		expectError bool
-		expectCount int
-	}{
-		{
-			name:        "Valid IPv6 ranges",
-			envValue:    "2001:0db8:abcd:000::/56,2001:0db8:abcd:001::/56",
-			expectError: false,
-			expectCount: 2,
-		},
-		{
-			name:        "Empty environment variable",
-			envValue:    "",
-			expectError: false,
-			expectCount: 0,
-		},
-		{
-			name:        "Invalid CIDR notation",
-			envValue:    "2001:0db8:abcd:000::/999",
-			expectError: true,
-			expectCount: 0,
-		},
-		{
-			name:        "IPv4 range in IPv6 env var",
-			envValue:    "192.168.1.0/24",
-			expectError: true,
-			expectCount: 0,
-		},
-		{
-			name:        "Mixed valid and invalid ranges",
-			envValue:    "2001:0db8:abcd:000::/56,invalid-range",
-			expectError: true,
-			expectCount: 0,
-		},
-		{
-			name:        "Whitespace handling",
-			envValue:    " 2001:0db8:abcd:000::/56 , 2001:0db8:abcd:001::/56 ",
-			expectError: false,
-			expectCount: 2,
-		},
-	}
-
-	for _, tt := range tests {
-		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			originalConfig := common.EnvConfig.LocalIPv6Ranges
-			common.EnvConfig.LocalIPv6Ranges = tt.envValue
-			defer func() {
-				common.EnvConfig.LocalIPv6Ranges = originalConfig
-			}()
-
-			service := &GeoLiteService{
-				httpClient: &http.Client{},
-			}
-
-			err := service.initializeIPv6LocalRanges()
-
-			if tt.expectError {
-				require.Error(t, err)
-			} else {
-				require.NoError(t, err)
-			}
-
-			assert.Len(t, service.localIPv6Ranges, tt.expectCount)
-		})
-	}
-}

backend/internal/service/jwt_service_test.go

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/lestrrat-go/jwx/v3/jwa"
 	"github.com/lestrrat-go/jwx/v3/jwk"
 	"github.com/lestrrat-go/jwx/v3/jwt"
+	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/utils"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 
@@ -342,7 +343,7 @@ func TestGenerateVerifyAccessToken(t *testing.T) {
 			Base: model.Base{
 				ID: "user123",
 			},
-			Email:   "user@example.com",
+			Email:   utils.Ptr("user@example.com"),
 			IsAdmin: false,
 		}
 
@@ -385,7 +386,7 @@ func TestGenerateVerifyAccessToken(t *testing.T) {
 			Base: model.Base{
 				ID: "admin123",
 			},
-			Email:   "admin@example.com",
+			Email:   utils.Ptr("admin@example.com"),
 			IsAdmin: true,
 		}
 
@@ -464,7 +465,7 @@ func TestGenerateVerifyAccessToken(t *testing.T) {
 			Base: model.Base{
 				ID: "eddsauser123",
 			},
-			Email:   "eddsauser@example.com",
+			Email:   utils.Ptr("eddsauser@example.com"),
 			IsAdmin: true,
 		}
 
@@ -521,7 +522,7 @@ func TestGenerateVerifyAccessToken(t *testing.T) {
 			Base: model.Base{
 				ID: "ecdsauser123",
 			},
-			Email:   "ecdsauser@example.com",
+			Email:   utils.Ptr("ecdsauser@example.com"),
 			IsAdmin: true,
 		}
 
@@ -578,7 +579,7 @@ func TestGenerateVerifyAccessToken(t *testing.T) {
 			Base: model.Base{
 				ID: "rsauser123",
 			},
-			Email:   "rsauser@example.com",
+			Email:   utils.Ptr("rsauser@example.com"),
 			IsAdmin: true,
 		}
 
@@ -965,7 +966,7 @@ func TestGenerateVerifyOAuthAccessToken(t *testing.T) {
 			Base: model.Base{
 				ID: "user123",
 			},
-			Email: "user@example.com",
+			Email: utils.Ptr("user@example.com"),
 		}
 		const clientID = "test-client-123"
 
@@ -1092,7 +1093,7 @@ func TestGenerateVerifyOAuthAccessToken(t *testing.T) {
 			Base: model.Base{
 				ID: "eddsauser789",
 			},
-			Email: "eddsaoauth@example.com",
+			Email: utils.Ptr("eddsaoauth@example.com"),
 		}
 		const clientID = "eddsa-oauth-client"
 
@@ -1149,7 +1150,7 @@ func TestGenerateVerifyOAuthAccessToken(t *testing.T) {
 			Base: model.Base{
 				ID: "ecdsauser789",
 			},
-			Email: "ecdsaoauth@example.com",
+			Email: utils.Ptr("ecdsaoauth@example.com"),
 		}
 		const clientID = "ecdsa-oauth-client"
 
@@ -1206,7 +1207,7 @@ func TestGenerateVerifyOAuthAccessToken(t *testing.T) {
 			Base: model.Base{
 				ID: "rsauser789",
 			},
-			Email: "rsaoauth@example.com",
+			Email: utils.Ptr("rsaoauth@example.com"),
 		}
 		const clientID = "rsa-oauth-client"
 

backend/internal/service/ldap_service.go

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/go-ldap/ldap/v3"
 	"github.com/google/uuid"
+	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/utils"
 	"golang.org/x/text/unicode/norm"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 
@@ -179,10 +180,12 @@ func (s *LdapService) SyncGroups(ctx context.Context, tx *gorm.DB, client *ldap.
 				}
 			}
 
+			username = norm.NFC.String(username)
+
 			var databaseUser model.User
 			err = tx.
 				WithContext(ctx).
-				Where("username = ? AND ldap_id IS NOT NULL", norm.NFC.String(username)).
+				Where("username = ? AND ldap_id IS NOT NULL", username).
 				First(&databaseUser).
 				Error
 			if errors.Is(err, gorm.ErrRecordNotFound) {
@@ -202,6 +205,12 @@ func (s *LdapService) SyncGroups(ctx context.Context, tx *gorm.DB, client *ldap.
 		}
 		dto.Normalize(syncGroup)
 
+		err = syncGroup.Validate()
+		if err != nil {
+			slog.WarnContext(ctx, "LDAP user group object is not valid", slog.Any("error", err))
+			continue
+		}
+
 		if databaseGroup.ID == "" {
 			newGroup, err := s.groupService.createInternal(ctx, syncGroup, tx)
 			if err != nil {
@@ -270,6 +279,7 @@ func (s *LdapService) SyncUsers(ctx context.Context, tx *gorm.DB, client *ldap.C
 		dbConfig.LdapAttributeUserFirstName.Value,
 		dbConfig.LdapAttributeUserLastName.Value,
 		dbConfig.LdapAttributeUserProfilePicture.Value,
+		dbConfig.LdapAttributeUserDisplayName.Value,
 	}
 
 	// Filters must start and finish with ()!
@@ -338,15 +348,27 @@ func (s *LdapService) SyncUsers(ctx context.Context, tx *gorm.DB, client *ldap.C
 		}
 
 		newUser := dto.UserCreateDto{
-			Username:  value.GetAttributeValue(dbConfig.LdapAttributeUserUsername.Value),
-			Email:     value.GetAttributeValue(dbConfig.LdapAttributeUserEmail.Value),
-			FirstName: value.GetAttributeValue(dbConfig.LdapAttributeUserFirstName.Value),
-			LastName:  value.GetAttributeValue(dbConfig.LdapAttributeUserLastName.Value),
-			IsAdmin:   isAdmin,
-			LdapID:    ldapId,
+			Username:    value.GetAttributeValue(dbConfig.LdapAttributeUserUsername.Value),
+			Email:       utils.PtrOrNil(value.GetAttributeValue(dbConfig.LdapAttributeUserEmail.Value)),
+			FirstName:   value.GetAttributeValue(dbConfig.LdapAttributeUserFirstName.Value),
+			LastName:    value.GetAttributeValue(dbConfig.LdapAttributeUserLastName.Value),
+			DisplayName: value.GetAttributeValue(dbConfig.LdapAttributeUserDisplayName.Value),
+			IsAdmin:     isAdmin,
+			LdapID:      ldapId,
 		}
+
+		if newUser.DisplayName == "" {
+			newUser.DisplayName = strings.TrimSpace(newUser.FirstName + " " + newUser.LastName)
+		}
+
 		dto.Normalize(newUser)
 
+		err = newUser.Validate()
+		if err != nil {
+			slog.WarnContext(ctx, "LDAP user object is not valid", slog.Any("error", err))
+			continue
+		}
+
 		if databaseUser.ID == "" {
 			_, err = s.userService.createUserInternal(ctx, newUser, true, tx)
 			if errors.Is(err, &common.AlreadyInUseError{}) {

backend/internal/service/oidc_service.go

@@ -8,10 +8,14 @@ import (
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"io"
 	"log/slog"
 	"mime/multipart"
+	"net"
 	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
 	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"regexp"
 	"slices"
 	"strings"
@@ -37,9 +41,11 @@ const (
 	GrantTypeAuthorizationCode = "authorization_code"
 	GrantTypeRefreshToken      = "refresh_token"
 	GrantTypeDeviceCode        = "urn:ietf:params:oauth:grant-type:device_code"
+	GrantTypeClientCredentials = "client_credentials"
 
 	ClientAssertionTypeJWTBearer = "urn:ietf:params:oauth:client-assertion-type:jwt-bearer" //nolint:gosec
 
+	AccessTokenDuration  = time.Hour
 	RefreshTokenDuration = 30 * 24 * time.Hour // 30 days
 	DeviceCodeDuration   = 15 * time.Minute
 )
@@ -64,6 +70,7 @@ func NewOidcService(
 	auditLogService *AuditLogService,
 	customClaimService *CustomClaimService,
 	webAuthnService *WebAuthnService,
+	httpClient *http.Client,
 ) (s *OidcService, err error) {
 	s = &OidcService{
 		db:                 db,
@@ -72,6 +79,7 @@ func NewOidcService(
 		auditLogService:    auditLogService,
 		customClaimService: customClaimService,
 		webAuthnService:    webAuthnService,
+		httpClient:         httpClient,
 	}
 
 	// Note: we don't pass the HTTP Client with OTel instrumented to this because requests are always made in background and not tied to a specific trace
@@ -247,6 +255,8 @@ func (s *OidcService) CreateTokens(ctx context.Context, input dto.OidcCreateToke
 		return s.createTokenFromRefreshToken(ctx, input)
 	case GrantTypeDeviceCode:
 		return s.createTokenFromDeviceCode(ctx, input)
+	case GrantTypeClientCredentials:
+		return s.createTokenFromClientCredentials(ctx, input)
 	default:
 		return CreatedTokens{}, &common.OidcGrantTypeNotSupportedError{}
 	}
@@ -329,7 +339,35 @@ func (s *OidcService) createTokenFromDeviceCode(ctx context.Context, input dto.O
 		IdToken:      idToken,
 		AccessToken:  accessToken,
 		RefreshToken: refreshToken,
-		ExpiresIn:    time.Hour,
+		ExpiresIn:    AccessTokenDuration,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func (s *OidcService) createTokenFromClientCredentials(ctx context.Context, input dto.OidcCreateTokensDto) (CreatedTokens, error) {
+	client, err := s.verifyClientCredentialsInternal(ctx, s.db, clientAuthCredentialsFromCreateTokensDto(&input), false)
+	if err != nil {
+		return CreatedTokens{}, err
+	}
+
+	// GenerateOAuthAccessToken uses user.ID as a "sub" claim. Prefix is used to take those security considerations
+	// into account: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc9068#name-security-considerations
+	dummyUser := model.User{
+		Base: model.Base{ID: "client-" + client.ID},
+	}
+
+	audClaim := client.ID
+	if input.Resource != "" {
+		audClaim = input.Resource
+	}
+
+	accessToken, err := s.jwtService.GenerateOAuthAccessToken(dummyUser, audClaim)
+	if err != nil {
+		return CreatedTokens{}, err
+	}
+
+	return CreatedTokens{
+		AccessToken: accessToken,
+		ExpiresIn:   AccessTokenDuration,
 	}, nil
 }
 
@@ -403,7 +441,7 @@ func (s *OidcService) createTokenFromAuthorizationCode(ctx context.Context, inpu
 		IdToken:      idToken,
 		AccessToken:  accessToken,
 		RefreshToken: refreshToken,
-		ExpiresIn:    time.Hour,
+		ExpiresIn:    AccessTokenDuration,
 	}, nil
 }
 
@@ -437,7 +475,7 @@ func (s *OidcService) createTokenFromRefreshToken(ctx context.Context, input dto
 	var storedRefreshToken model.OidcRefreshToken
 	err = tx.
 		WithContext(ctx).
-		Preload("User").
+		Preload("User.UserGroups").
 		Where(
 			"token = ? AND expires_at > ? AND user_id = ? AND client_id = ?",
 			utils.CreateSha256Hash(rt),
@@ -447,10 +485,9 @@ func (s *OidcService) createTokenFromRefreshToken(ctx context.Context, input dto
 		).
 		First(&storedRefreshToken).
 		Error
-	if err != nil {
-		if errors.Is(err, gorm.ErrRecordNotFound) {
-			return CreatedTokens{}, &common.OidcInvalidRefreshTokenError{}
-		}
+	if errors.Is(err, gorm.ErrRecordNotFound) {
+		return CreatedTokens{}, &common.OidcInvalidRefreshTokenError{}
+	} else if err != nil {
 		return CreatedTokens{}, err
 	}
 
@@ -465,6 +502,19 @@ func (s *OidcService) createTokenFromRefreshToken(ctx context.Context, input dto
 		return CreatedTokens{}, err
 	}
 
+	// Load the profile, which we need for the ID token
+	userClaims, err := s.getUserClaims(ctx, &storedRefreshToken.User, storedRefreshToken.Scopes(), tx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return CreatedTokens{}, err
+	}
+
+	// Generate a new ID token
+	// There's no nonce here because we don't have one with the refresh token, but that's not required
+	idToken, err := s.jwtService.GenerateIDToken(userClaims, input.ClientID, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		return CreatedTokens{}, err
+	}
+
 	// Generate a new refresh token and invalidate the old one
 	newRefreshToken, err := s.createRefreshToken(ctx, input.ClientID, storedRefreshToken.UserID, storedRefreshToken.Scope, tx)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -488,7 +538,8 @@ func (s *OidcService) createTokenFromRefreshToken(ctx context.Context, input dto
 	return CreatedTokens{
 		AccessToken:  accessToken,
 		RefreshToken: newRefreshToken,
-		ExpiresIn:    time.Hour,
+		IdToken:      idToken,
+		ExpiresIn:    AccessTokenDuration,
 	}, nil
 }
 
@@ -669,6 +720,11 @@ func (s *OidcService) ListClients(ctx context.Context, name string, sortedPagina
 }
 
 func (s *OidcService) CreateClient(ctx context.Context, input dto.OidcClientCreateDto, userID string) (model.OidcClient, error) {
+	tx := s.db.Begin()
+	defer func() {
+		tx.Rollback()
+	}()
+
 	client := model.OidcClient{
 		Base: model.Base{
 			ID: input.ID,
@@ -677,7 +733,7 @@ func (s *OidcService) CreateClient(ctx context.Context, input dto.OidcClientCrea
 	}
 	updateOIDCClientModelFromDto(&client, &input.OidcClientUpdateDto)
 
-	err := s.db.
+	err := tx.
 		WithContext(ctx).
 		Create(&client).
 		Error
@@ -688,33 +744,11 @@ func (s *OidcService) CreateClient(ctx context.Context, input dto.OidcClientCrea
 		return model.OidcClient{}, err
 	}
 
-	return client, nil
-}
-
-func (s *OidcService) UpdateClient(ctx context.Context, clientID string, input dto.OidcClientUpdateDto) (model.OidcClient, error) {
-	tx := s.db.Begin()
-	defer func() {
-		tx.Rollback()
-	}()
-
-	var client model.OidcClient
-	err := tx.
-		WithContext(ctx).
-		Preload("CreatedBy").
-		First(&client, "id = ?", clientID).
-		Error
-	if err != nil {
-		return model.OidcClient{}, err
-	}
-
-	updateOIDCClientModelFromDto(&client, &input)
-
-	err = tx.
-		WithContext(ctx).
-		Save(&client).
-		Error
-	if err != nil {
-		return model.OidcClient{}, err
+	if input.LogoURL != nil {
+		err = s.downloadAndSaveLogoFromURL(ctx, tx, client.ID, *input.LogoURL)
+		if err != nil {
+			return model.OidcClient{}, fmt.Errorf("failed to download logo: %w", err)
+		}
 	}
 
 	err = tx.Commit().Error
@@ -725,6 +759,36 @@ func (s *OidcService) UpdateClient(ctx context.Context, clientID string, input d
 	return client, nil
 }
 
+func (s *OidcService) UpdateClient(ctx context.Context, clientID string, input dto.OidcClientUpdateDto) (model.OidcClient, error) {
+	tx := s.db.Begin()
+	defer func() { tx.Rollback() }()
+
+	var client model.OidcClient
+	if err := tx.WithContext(ctx).
+		Preload("CreatedBy").
+		First(&client, "id = ?", clientID).Error; err != nil {
+		return model.OidcClient{}, err
+	}
+
+	updateOIDCClientModelFromDto(&client, &input)
+
+	if err := tx.WithContext(ctx).Save(&client).Error; err != nil {
+		return model.OidcClient{}, err
+	}
+
+	if input.LogoURL != nil {
+		err := s.downloadAndSaveLogoFromURL(ctx, tx, client.ID, *input.LogoURL)
+		if err != nil {
+			return model.OidcClient{}, fmt.Errorf("failed to download logo: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if err := tx.Commit().Error; err != nil {
+		return model.OidcClient{}, err
+	}
+	return client, nil
+}
+
 func updateOIDCClientModelFromDto(client *model.OidcClient, input *dto.OidcClientUpdateDto) {
 	// Base fields
 	client.Name = input.Name
@@ -838,41 +902,14 @@ func (s *OidcService) UpdateClientLogo(ctx context.Context, clientID string, fil
 	}
 
 	tx := s.db.Begin()
-	defer func() {
+
+	err = s.updateClientLogoType(ctx, tx, clientID, fileType)
+	if err != nil {
 		tx.Rollback()
-	}()
-
-	var client model.OidcClient
-	err = tx.
-		WithContext(ctx).
-		First(&client, "id = ?", clientID).
-		Error
-	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	if client.ImageType != nil && fileType != *client.ImageType {
-		oldImagePath := fmt.Sprintf("%s/oidc-client-images/%s.%s", common.EnvConfig.UploadPath, client.ID, *client.ImageType)
-		if err := os.Remove(oldImagePath); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	client.ImageType = &fileType
-	err = tx.
-		WithContext(ctx).
-		Save(&client).
-		Error
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	err = tx.Commit().Error
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	return nil
+	return tx.Commit().Error
 }
 
 func (s *OidcService) DeleteClientLogo(ctx context.Context, clientID string) error {
@@ -896,6 +933,7 @@ func (s *OidcService) DeleteClientLogo(ctx context.Context, clientID string) err
 
 	oldImageType := *client.ImageType
 	client.ImageType = nil
+
 	err = tx.
 		WithContext(ctx).
 		Save(&client).
@@ -1288,7 +1326,7 @@ func (s *OidcService) GetDeviceCodeInfo(ctx context.Context, userCode string, us
 		Client: dto.OidcClientMetaDataDto{
 			ID:      deviceAuth.Client.ID,
 			Name:    deviceAuth.Client.Name,
-			HasLogo: deviceAuth.Client.HasLogo,
+			HasLogo: deviceAuth.Client.HasLogo(),
 		},
 		Scope:                 deviceAuth.Scope,
 		AuthorizationRequired: !hasAuthorizedClient,
@@ -1379,19 +1417,22 @@ func (s *OidcService) ListAccessibleOidcClients(ctx context.Context, userID stri
 	query := tx.
 		WithContext(ctx).
 		Model(&model.OidcClient{}).
-		Preload("UserAuthorizedOidcClients", "user_id = ?", userID).
-		Distinct()
+		Preload("UserAuthorizedOidcClients", "user_id = ?", userID)
 
 	// If user has no groups, only return clients with no allowed user groups
 	if len(userGroupIDs) == 0 {
-		query = query.
-			Joins("LEFT JOIN oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups ON oidc_clients.id = oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups.oidc_client_id").
-			Where("oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups.oidc_client_id IS NULL")
+		query = query.Where(`NOT EXISTS (
+        SELECT 1 FROM oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups 
+        WHERE oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups.oidc_client_id = oidc_clients.id)`)
 	} else {
-		// Return clients with no allowed user groups OR clients where user is in allowed groups
-		query = query.
-			Joins("LEFT JOIN oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups ON oidc_clients.id = oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups.oidc_client_id").
-			Where("oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups.oidc_client_id IS NULL OR oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups.user_group_id IN (?)", userGroupIDs)
+		query = query.Where(`
+        NOT EXISTS (
+            SELECT 1 FROM oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups 
+            WHERE oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups.oidc_client_id = oidc_clients.id
+        ) OR EXISTS (
+            SELECT 1 FROM oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups 
+            WHERE oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups.oidc_client_id = oidc_clients.id 
+            AND oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups.user_group_id IN (?))`, userGroupIDs)
 	}
 
 	var clients []model.OidcClient
@@ -1401,7 +1442,7 @@ func (s *OidcService) ListAccessibleOidcClients(ctx context.Context, userID stri
 	if sortedPaginationRequest.Sort.Column == "lastUsedAt" && utils.IsValidSortDirection(sortedPaginationRequest.Sort.Direction) {
 		query = query.
 			Joins("LEFT JOIN user_authorized_oidc_clients ON oidc_clients.id = user_authorized_oidc_clients.client_id AND user_authorized_oidc_clients.user_id = ?", userID).
-			Order("user_authorized_oidc_clients.last_used_at " + sortedPaginationRequest.Sort.Direction)
+			Order("user_authorized_oidc_clients.last_used_at " + sortedPaginationRequest.Sort.Direction + " NULLS LAST")
 	}
 
 	response, err = utils.PaginateAndSort(sortedPaginationRequest, query, &clients)
@@ -1420,7 +1461,7 @@ func (s *OidcService) ListAccessibleOidcClients(ctx context.Context, userID stri
 				ID:        client.ID,
 				Name:      client.Name,
 				LaunchURL: client.LaunchURL,
-				HasLogo:   client.HasLogo,
+				HasLogo:   client.HasLogo(),
 			},
 			LastUsedAt: lastUsedAt,
 		}
@@ -1691,7 +1732,7 @@ func (s *OidcService) extractClientIDFromAssertion(assertion string) (string, er
 	return sub, nil
 }
 
-func (s *OidcService) GetClientPreview(ctx context.Context, clientID string, userID string, scopes string) (*dto.OidcClientPreviewDto, error) {
+func (s *OidcService) GetClientPreview(ctx context.Context, clientID string, userID string, scopes []string) (*dto.OidcClientPreviewDto, error) {
 	tx := s.db.Begin()
 	defer func() {
 		tx.Rollback()
@@ -1716,14 +1757,7 @@ func (s *OidcService) GetClientPreview(ctx context.Context, clientID string, use
 		return nil, &common.OidcAccessDeniedError{}
 	}
 
-	dummyAuthorizedClient := model.UserAuthorizedOidcClient{
-		UserID:   userID,
-		ClientID: clientID,
-		Scope:    scopes,
-		User:     user,
-	}
-
-	userClaims, err := s.getUserClaimsFromAuthorizedClient(ctx, &dummyAuthorizedClient, tx)
+	userClaims, err := s.getUserClaims(ctx, &user, scopes, tx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -1776,14 +1810,10 @@ func (s *OidcService) getUserClaimsForClientInternal(ctx context.Context, userID
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	return s.getUserClaimsFromAuthorizedClient(ctx, &authorizedOidcClient, tx)
-
+	return s.getUserClaims(ctx, &authorizedOidcClient.User, authorizedOidcClient.Scopes(), tx)
 }
 
-func (s *OidcService) getUserClaimsFromAuthorizedClient(ctx context.Context, authorizedClient *model.UserAuthorizedOidcClient, tx *gorm.DB) (map[string]any, error) {
-	user := authorizedClient.User
-	scopes := strings.Split(authorizedClient.Scope, " ")
-
+func (s *OidcService) getUserClaims(ctx context.Context, user *model.User, scopes []string, tx *gorm.DB) (map[string]any, error) {
 	claims := make(map[string]any, 10)
 
 	claims["sub"] = user.ID
@@ -1801,13 +1831,6 @@ func (s *OidcService) getUserClaimsFromAuthorizedClient(ctx context.Context, aut
 	}
 
 	if slices.Contains(scopes, "profile") {
-		// Add profile claims
-		claims["given_name"] = user.FirstName
-		claims["family_name"] = user.LastName
-		claims["name"] = user.FullName()
-		claims["preferred_username"] = user.Username
-		claims["picture"] = common.EnvConfig.AppURL + "/api/users/" + user.ID + "/profile-picture.png"
-
 		// Add custom claims
 		customClaims, err := s.customClaimService.GetCustomClaimsForUserWithUserGroups(ctx, user.ID, tx)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -1826,6 +1849,15 @@ func (s *OidcService) getUserClaimsFromAuthorizedClient(ctx context.Context, aut
 				claims[customClaim.Key] = customClaim.Value
 			}
 		}
+
+		// Add profile claims
+		claims["given_name"] = user.FirstName
+		claims["family_name"] = user.LastName
+		claims["name"] = user.FullName()
+		claims["display_name"] = user.DisplayName
+
+		claims["preferred_username"] = user.Username
+		claims["picture"] = common.EnvConfig.AppURL + "/api/users/" + user.ID + "/profile-picture.png"
 	}
 
 	if slices.Contains(scopes, "email") {
@@ -1850,3 +1882,93 @@ func (s *OidcService) IsClientAccessibleToUser(ctx context.Context, clientID str
 
 	return s.IsUserGroupAllowedToAuthorize(user, client), nil
 }
+
+func (s *OidcService) downloadAndSaveLogoFromURL(parentCtx context.Context, tx *gorm.DB, clientID string, raw string) error {
+	u, err := url.Parse(raw)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(parentCtx, 15*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	r := net.Resolver{}
+	ips, err := r.LookupIPAddr(ctx, u.Hostname())
+	if err != nil || len(ips) == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("cannot resolve hostname")
+	}
+
+	// Prevents SSRF by allowing only public IPs
+	for _, addr := range ips {
+		if utils.IsPrivateIP(addr.IP) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("private IP addresses are not allowed")
+		}
+	}
+
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, raw, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "pocket-id/oidc-logo-fetcher")
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "image/*")
+
+	resp, err := s.httpClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to fetch logo: %s", resp.Status)
+	}
+
+	const maxLogoSize int64 = 2 * 1024 * 1024 // 2MB
+	if resp.ContentLength > maxLogoSize {
+		return fmt.Errorf("logo is too large")
+	}
+
+	// Prefer extension in path if supported
+	ext := utils.GetFileExtension(u.Path)
+	if ext == "" || utils.GetImageMimeType(ext) == "" {
+		// Otherwise, try to detect from content type
+		ext = utils.GetImageExtensionFromMimeType(resp.Header.Get("Content-Type"))
+	}
+
+	if ext == "" {
+		return &common.FileTypeNotSupportedError{}
+	}
+
+	folderPath := filepath.Join(common.EnvConfig.UploadPath, "oidc-client-images")
+	err = os.MkdirAll(folderPath, os.ModePerm)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	imagePath := filepath.Join(folderPath, clientID+"."+ext)
+	err = utils.SaveFileStream(io.LimitReader(resp.Body, maxLogoSize+1), imagePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if err := s.updateClientLogoType(ctx, tx, clientID, ext); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *OidcService) updateClientLogoType(ctx context.Context, tx *gorm.DB, clientID, ext string) error {
+	uploadsDir := common.EnvConfig.UploadPath + "/oidc-client-images"
+
+	var client model.OidcClient
+	if err := tx.WithContext(ctx).First(&client, "id = ?", clientID).Error; err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if client.ImageType != nil && *client.ImageType != ext {
+		old := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s.%s", uploadsDir, client.ID, *client.ImageType)
+		_ = os.Remove(old)
+	}
+	client.ImageType = &ext
+	return tx.WithContext(ctx).Save(&client).Error
+
+}

backend/internal/service/oidc_service_test.go

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/common"
 	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/dto"
+	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/model"
 	testutils "github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/utils/testing"
 )
 
@@ -148,6 +149,13 @@ func TestOidcService_verifyClientCredentialsInternal(t *testing.T) {
 	privateJWKDefaults, jwkSetJSONDefaults := generateTestECDSAKey(t)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
+	// Create a mock config and JwtService to test complete a token creation process
+	mockConfig := NewTestAppConfigService(&model.AppConfig{
+		SessionDuration: model.AppConfigVariable{Value: "60"}, // 60 minutes
+	})
+	mockJwtService, err := NewJwtService(db, mockConfig)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
 	// Create a mock HTTP client with custom transport to return the JWKS
 	httpClient := &http.Client{
 		Transport: &testutils.MockRoundTripper{
@@ -162,8 +170,10 @@ func TestOidcService_verifyClientCredentialsInternal(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Init the OidcService
 	s := &OidcService{
-		db:         db,
-		httpClient: httpClient,
+		db:               db,
+		jwtService:       mockJwtService,
+		appConfigService: mockConfig,
+		httpClient:       httpClient,
 	}
 	s.jwkCache, err = s.getJWKCache(t.Context())
 	require.NoError(t, err)
@@ -384,4 +394,119 @@ func TestOidcService_verifyClientCredentialsInternal(t *testing.T) {
 			assert.Equal(t, federatedClient.ID, client.ID)
 		})
 	})
+
+	t.Run("Complete token creation flow", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Run("Client Credentials flow", func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Run("Succeeds with valid secret", func(t *testing.T) {
+				// Generate a token
+				input := dto.OidcCreateTokensDto{
+					ClientID:     confidentialClient.ID,
+					ClientSecret: confidentialSecret,
+				}
+				token, err := s.createTokenFromClientCredentials(t.Context(), input)
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				require.NotNil(t, token)
+
+				// Verify the token
+				claims, err := s.jwtService.VerifyOAuthAccessToken(token.AccessToken)
+				require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to verify generated token")
+
+				// Check the claims
+				subject, ok := claims.Subject()
+				_ = assert.True(t, ok, "User ID not found in token") &&
+					assert.Equal(t, "client-"+confidentialClient.ID, subject, "Token subject should match confidential client ID with prefix")
+				audience, ok := claims.Audience()
+				_ = assert.True(t, ok, "Audience not found in token") &&
+					assert.Equal(t, []string{confidentialClient.ID}, audience, "Audience should contain confidential client ID")
+			})
+
+			t.Run("Fails with invalid secret", func(t *testing.T) {
+				input := dto.OidcCreateTokensDto{
+					ClientID:     confidentialClient.ID,
+					ClientSecret: "invalid-secret",
+				}
+				_, err := s.createTokenFromClientCredentials(t.Context(), input)
+				require.Error(t, err)
+				require.ErrorIs(t, err, &common.OidcClientSecretInvalidError{})
+			})
+
+			t.Run("Fails without client secret for public clients", func(t *testing.T) {
+				input := dto.OidcCreateTokensDto{
+					ClientID: publicClient.ID,
+				}
+				_, err := s.createTokenFromClientCredentials(t.Context(), input)
+				require.Error(t, err)
+				require.ErrorIs(t, err, &common.OidcMissingClientCredentialsError{})
+			})
+
+			t.Run("Succeeds with valid assertion", func(t *testing.T) {
+				// Create JWT for federated identity
+				token, err := jwt.NewBuilder().
+					Issuer(federatedClientIssuer).
+					Audience([]string{federatedClientAudience}).
+					Subject(federatedClient.ID).
+					IssuedAt(time.Now()).
+					Expiration(time.Now().Add(10 * time.Minute)).
+					Build()
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				signedToken, err := jwt.Sign(token, jwt.WithKey(jwa.ES256(), privateJWK))
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+
+				// Generate a token
+				input := dto.OidcCreateTokensDto{
+					ClientAssertion:     string(signedToken),
+					ClientAssertionType: ClientAssertionTypeJWTBearer,
+				}
+				createdToken, err := s.createTokenFromClientCredentials(t.Context(), input)
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				require.NotNil(t, token)
+
+				// Verify the token
+				claims, err := s.jwtService.VerifyOAuthAccessToken(createdToken.AccessToken)
+				require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to verify generated token")
+
+				// Check the claims
+				subject, ok := claims.Subject()
+				_ = assert.True(t, ok, "User ID not found in token") &&
+					assert.Equal(t, "client-"+federatedClient.ID, subject, "Token subject should match federated client ID with prefix")
+				audience, ok := claims.Audience()
+				_ = assert.True(t, ok, "Audience not found in token") &&
+					assert.Equal(t, []string{federatedClient.ID}, audience, "Audience should contain the federated client ID")
+			})
+
+			t.Run("Fails with invalid assertion", func(t *testing.T) {
+				input := dto.OidcCreateTokensDto{
+					ClientAssertion:     "invalid.jwt.token",
+					ClientAssertionType: ClientAssertionTypeJWTBearer,
+				}
+				_, err := s.createTokenFromClientCredentials(t.Context(), input)
+				require.Error(t, err)
+				require.ErrorIs(t, err, &common.OidcClientAssertionInvalidError{})
+			})
+
+			t.Run("Succeeds with custom resource", func(t *testing.T) {
+				// Generate a token
+				input := dto.OidcCreateTokensDto{
+					ClientID:     confidentialClient.ID,
+					ClientSecret: confidentialSecret,
+					Resource:     "https://example.com/",
+				}
+				token, err := s.createTokenFromClientCredentials(t.Context(), input)
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				require.NotNil(t, token)
+
+				// Verify the token
+				claims, err := s.jwtService.VerifyOAuthAccessToken(token.AccessToken)
+				require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to verify generated token")
+
+				// Check the claims
+				subject, ok := claims.Subject()
+				_ = assert.True(t, ok, "User ID not found in token") &&
+					assert.Equal(t, "client-"+confidentialClient.ID, subject, "Token subject should match confidential client ID with prefix")
+				audience, ok := claims.Audience()
+				_ = assert.True(t, ok, "Audience not found in token") &&
+					assert.Equal(t, []string{input.Resource}, audience, "Audience should contain the resource provided in request")
+			})
+		})
+	})
 }

backend/internal/service/user_service.go

@@ -244,13 +244,18 @@ func (s *UserService) CreateUser(ctx context.Context, input dto.UserCreateDto) (
 }
 
 func (s *UserService) createUserInternal(ctx context.Context, input dto.UserCreateDto, isLdapSync bool, tx *gorm.DB) (model.User, error) {
+	if s.appConfigService.GetDbConfig().RequireUserEmail.IsTrue() && input.Email == nil {
+		return model.User{}, &common.UserEmailNotSetError{}
+	}
+
 	user := model.User{
-		FirstName: input.FirstName,
-		LastName:  input.LastName,
-		Email:     input.Email,
-		Username:  input.Username,
-		IsAdmin:   input.IsAdmin,
-		Locale:    input.Locale,
+		FirstName:   input.FirstName,
+		LastName:    input.LastName,
+		DisplayName: input.DisplayName,
+		Email:       input.Email,
+		Username:    input.Username,
+		IsAdmin:     input.IsAdmin,
+		Locale:      input.Locale,
 	}
 	if input.LdapID != "" {
 		user.LdapID = &input.LdapID
@@ -338,6 +343,10 @@ func (s *UserService) UpdateUser(ctx context.Context, userID string, updatedUser
 }
 
 func (s *UserService) updateUserInternal(ctx context.Context, userID string, updatedUser dto.UserCreateDto, updateOwnUser bool, isLdapSync bool, tx *gorm.DB) (model.User, error) {
+	if s.appConfigService.GetDbConfig().RequireUserEmail.IsTrue() && updatedUser.Email == nil {
+		return model.User{}, &common.UserEmailNotSetError{}
+	}
+
 	var user model.User
 	err := tx.
 		WithContext(ctx).
@@ -362,6 +371,7 @@ func (s *UserService) updateUserInternal(ctx context.Context, userID string, upd
 		// Full update: Allow updating all personal fields
 		user.FirstName = updatedUser.FirstName
 		user.LastName = updatedUser.LastName
+		user.DisplayName = updatedUser.DisplayName
 		user.Email = updatedUser.Email
 		user.Username = updatedUser.Username
 		user.Locale = updatedUser.Locale
@@ -435,6 +445,10 @@ func (s *UserService) requestOneTimeAccessEmailInternal(ctx context.Context, use
 		return err
 	}
 
+	if user.Email == nil {
+		return &common.UserEmailNotSetError{}
+	}
+
 	oneTimeAccessToken, err := s.createOneTimeAccessTokenInternal(ctx, user.ID, ttl, tx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -462,7 +476,7 @@ func (s *UserService) requestOneTimeAccessEmailInternal(ctx context.Context, use
 
 		errInternal := SendEmail(innerCtx, s.emailService, email.Address{
 			Name:  user.FullName(),
-			Email: user.Email,
+			Email: *user.Email,
 		}, OneTimeAccessTemplate, &OneTimeAccessTemplateData{
 			Code:              oneTimeAccessToken,
 			LoginLink:         link,
@@ -470,7 +484,7 @@ func (s *UserService) requestOneTimeAccessEmailInternal(ctx context.Context, use
 			ExpirationString:  utils.DurationToString(ttl),
 		})
 		if errInternal != nil {
-			slog.ErrorContext(innerCtx, "Failed to send one-time access token email", slog.Any("error", errInternal), slog.String("address", user.Email))
+			slog.ErrorContext(innerCtx, "Failed to send one-time access token email", slog.Any("error", errInternal), slog.String("address", *user.Email))
 			return
 		}
 	}()
@@ -600,11 +614,12 @@ func (s *UserService) SignUpInitialAdmin(ctx context.Context, signUpData dto.Sig
 	}
 
 	userToCreate := dto.UserCreateDto{
-		FirstName: signUpData.FirstName,
-		LastName:  signUpData.LastName,
-		Username:  signUpData.Username,
-		Email:     signUpData.Email,
-		IsAdmin:   true,
+		FirstName:   signUpData.FirstName,
+		LastName:    signUpData.LastName,
+		DisplayName: strings.TrimSpace(signUpData.FirstName + " " + signUpData.LastName),
+		Username:    signUpData.Username,
+		Email:       signUpData.Email,
+		IsAdmin:     true,
 	}
 
 	user, err := s.createUserInternal(ctx, userToCreate, false, tx)
@@ -736,10 +751,11 @@ func (s *UserService) SignUp(ctx context.Context, signupData dto.SignUpDto, ipAd
 	}
 
 	userToCreate := dto.UserCreateDto{
-		Username:  signupData.Username,
-		Email:     signupData.Email,
-		FirstName: signupData.FirstName,
-		LastName:  signupData.LastName,
+		Username:    signupData.Username,
+		Email:       signupData.Email,
+		FirstName:   signupData.FirstName,
+		LastName:    signupData.LastName,
+		DisplayName: strings.TrimSpace(signupData.FirstName + " " + signupData.LastName),
 	}
 
 	user, err := s.createUserInternal(ctx, userToCreate, false, tx)

backend/internal/service/version_service.go

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"log/slog"
+	"net/http"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/utils"
+)
+
+const (
+	versionTTL      = 15 * time.Minute
+	versionCheckURL = "https://api.github.com/repos/pocket-id/pocket-id/releases/latest"
+)
+
+type VersionService struct {
+	httpClient *http.Client
+	cache      *utils.Cache[string]
+}
+
+func NewVersionService(httpClient *http.Client) *VersionService {
+	return &VersionService{
+		httpClient: httpClient,
+		cache:      utils.New[string](versionTTL),
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *VersionService) GetLatestVersion(ctx context.Context) (string, error) {
+	version, err := s.cache.GetOrFetch(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) (string, error) {
+		reqCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 5*time.Second)
+		defer cancel()
+
+		req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(reqCtx, http.MethodGet, versionCheckURL, nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", fmt.Errorf("create GitHub request: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		resp, err := s.httpClient.Do(req)
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", fmt.Errorf("get latest tag: %w", err)
+		}
+		defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+		if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+			return "", fmt.Errorf("GitHub API returned status %d", resp.StatusCode)
+		}
+
+		var payload struct {
+			TagName string `json:"tag_name"`
+		}
+		if err := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&payload); err != nil {
+			return "", fmt.Errorf("decode payload: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		if payload.TagName == "" {
+			return "", fmt.Errorf("GitHub API returned empty tag name")
+		}
+
+		return strings.TrimPrefix(payload.TagName, "v"), nil
+	})
+
+	var staleErr *utils.ErrStale
+	if errors.As(err, &staleErr) {
+		slog.Warn("Failed to fetch latest version, returning stale cache", "error", staleErr.Err)
+		return version, nil
+	}
+
+	return version, err
+}

backend/internal/utils/cache_util.go

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+package utils
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"sync/atomic"
+	"time"
+
+	"golang.org/x/sync/singleflight"
+)
+
+type CacheEntry[T any] struct {
+	Value     T
+	FetchedAt time.Time
+}
+
+type ErrStale struct {
+	Err error
+}
+
+func (e *ErrStale) Error() string { return "returned stale cache: " + e.Err.Error() }
+func (e *ErrStale) Unwrap() error { return e.Err }
+
+type Cache[T any] struct {
+	ttl   time.Duration
+	entry atomic.Pointer[CacheEntry[T]]
+	sf    singleflight.Group
+}
+
+func New[T any](ttl time.Duration) *Cache[T] {
+	return &Cache[T]{ttl: ttl}
+}
+
+// Get returns the cached value if it's still fresh.
+func (c *Cache[T]) Get() (T, bool) {
+	entry := c.entry.Load()
+	if entry == nil {
+		var zero T
+		return zero, false
+	}
+	if time.Since(entry.FetchedAt) < c.ttl {
+		return entry.Value, true
+	}
+	var zero T
+	return zero, false
+}
+
+// GetOrFetch returns the cached value if it's still fresh, otherwise calls fetch to get a new value.
+func (c *Cache[T]) GetOrFetch(ctx context.Context, fetch func(context.Context) (T, error)) (T, error) {
+	// If fresh, serve immediately
+	if v, ok := c.Get(); ok {
+		return v, nil
+	}
+
+	// Fetch with singleflight to prevent multiple concurrent fetches
+	vAny, err, _ := c.sf.Do("singleton", func() (any, error) {
+		if v2, ok := c.Get(); ok {
+			return v2, nil
+		}
+		val, fetchErr := fetch(ctx)
+		if fetchErr != nil {
+			return nil, fetchErr
+		}
+		c.entry.Store(&CacheEntry[T]{Value: val, FetchedAt: time.Now()})
+		return val, nil
+	})
+
+	if err == nil {
+		return vAny.(T), nil
+	}
+
+	// Fetch failed. Return stale if possible.
+	if e := c.entry.Load(); e != nil {
+		return e.Value, &ErrStale{Err: err}
+	}
+
+	var zero T
+	return zero, err
+}

backend/internal/utils/email/email_service_templates.go

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package email
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	htemplate "html/template"
-	"io/fs"
 	"path"
 	ttemplate "text/template"
 
@@ -27,71 +26,35 @@ func GetTemplate[U any, V any](templateMap TemplateMap[U], template Template[V])
 	return templateMap[template.Path]
 }
 
-type cloneable[V pareseable[V]] interface {
-	Clone() (V, error)
-}
-
-type pareseable[V any] interface {
-	ParseFS(fs.FS, ...string) (V, error)
-}
-
-func prepareTemplate[V pareseable[V]](templateFS fs.FS, template string, rootTemplate cloneable[V], suffix string) (V, error) {
-	tmpl, err := rootTemplate.Clone()
-	if err != nil {
-		return *new(V), fmt.Errorf("clone root template: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	filename := fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", template, suffix)
-	templatePath := path.Join("email-templates", filename)
-	_, err = tmpl.ParseFS(templateFS, templatePath)
-	if err != nil {
-		return *new(V), fmt.Errorf("parsing template '%s': %w", template, err)
-	}
-
-	return tmpl, nil
-}
-
 func PrepareTextTemplates(templates []string) (map[string]*ttemplate.Template, error) {
-	components := path.Join("email-templates", "components", "*_text.tmpl")
-	rootTmpl, err := ttemplate.ParseFS(resources.FS, components)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unable to parse templates '%s': %w", components, err)
-	}
-
 	textTemplates := make(map[string]*ttemplate.Template, len(templates))
 	for _, tmpl := range templates {
-		rootTmplClone, err := rootTmpl.Clone()
+		filename := tmpl + "_text.tmpl"
+		templatePath := path.Join("email-templates", filename)
+
+		parsedTemplate, err := ttemplate.ParseFS(resources.FS, templatePath)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("clone root template: %w", err)
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("parsing template '%s': %w", tmpl, err)
 		}
 
-		textTemplates[tmpl], err = prepareTemplate[*ttemplate.Template](resources.FS, tmpl, rootTmplClone, "_text.tmpl")
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("parse '%s': %w", tmpl, err)
-		}
+		textTemplates[tmpl] = parsedTemplate
 	}
 
 	return textTemplates, nil
 }
 
 func PrepareHTMLTemplates(templates []string) (map[string]*htemplate.Template, error) {
-	components := path.Join("email-templates", "components", "*_html.tmpl")
-	rootTmpl, err := htemplate.ParseFS(resources.FS, components)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unable to parse templates '%s': %w", components, err)
-	}
-
 	htmlTemplates := make(map[string]*htemplate.Template, len(templates))
 	for _, tmpl := range templates {
-		rootTmplClone, err := rootTmpl.Clone()
+		filename := tmpl + "_html.tmpl"
+		templatePath := path.Join("email-templates", filename)
+
+		parsedTemplate, err := htemplate.ParseFS(resources.FS, templatePath)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("clone root template: %w", err)
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("parsing template '%s': %w", tmpl, err)
 		}
 
-		htmlTemplates[tmpl], err = prepareTemplate[*htemplate.Template](resources.FS, tmpl, rootTmplClone, "_html.tmpl")
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("parse '%s': %w", tmpl, err)
-		}
+		htmlTemplates[tmpl] = parsedTemplate
 	}
 
 	return htmlTemplates, nil

backend/internal/utils/file_util.go

@@ -1,12 +1,18 @@
 package utils
 
 import (
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"encoding/hex"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
+	"mime"
 	"mime/multipart"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"syscall"
 
 	"github.com/google/uuid"
 	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/resources"
@@ -20,6 +26,15 @@ func GetFileExtension(filename string) string {
 	return filename
 }
 
+// SplitFileName splits a full file name into name and extension.
+func SplitFileName(fullName string) (name, ext string) {
+	dot := strings.LastIndex(fullName, ".")
+	if dot == -1 || dot == 0 {
+		return fullName, "" // no extension or hidden file like .gitignore
+	}
+	return fullName[:dot], fullName[dot+1:]
+}
+
 func GetImageMimeType(ext string) string {
 	switch ext {
 	case "jpg", "jpeg":
@@ -32,6 +47,40 @@ func GetImageMimeType(ext string) string {
 		return "image/x-icon"
 	case "gif":
 		return "image/gif"
+	case "webp":
+		return "image/webp"
+	case "avif":
+		return "image/avif"
+	case "heic":
+		return "image/heic"
+	default:
+		return ""
+	}
+}
+
+func GetImageExtensionFromMimeType(mimeType string) string {
+	// Normalize and strip parameters like `; charset=utf-8`
+	mt := strings.TrimSpace(strings.ToLower(mimeType))
+	if v, _, err := mime.ParseMediaType(mt); err == nil {
+		mt = v
+	}
+	switch mt {
+	case "image/jpeg", "image/jpg":
+		return "jpg"
+	case "image/png":
+		return "png"
+	case "image/svg+xml":
+		return "svg"
+	case "image/x-icon", "image/vnd.microsoft.icon":
+		return "ico"
+	case "image/gif":
+		return "gif"
+	case "image/webp":
+		return "webp"
+	case "image/avif":
+		return "avif"
+	case "image/heic", "image/heif":
+		return "heic"
 	default:
 		return ""
 	}
@@ -40,29 +89,45 @@ func GetImageMimeType(ext string) string {
 func CopyEmbeddedFileToDisk(srcFilePath, destFilePath string) error {
 	srcFile, err := resources.FS.Open(srcFilePath)
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to open embedded file: %w", err)
 	}
 	defer srcFile.Close()
 
 	err = os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(destFilePath), os.ModePerm)
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create destination directory: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	destFile, err := os.Create(destFilePath)
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to open destination file: %w", err)
 	}
 	defer destFile.Close()
 
 	_, err = io.Copy(destFile, srcFile)
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to write to destination file: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	return nil
 }
 
+func EmbeddedFileSha256(filePath string) ([]byte, error) {
+	f, err := resources.FS.Open(filePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to open embedded file: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer f.Close()
+
+	h := sha256.New()
+	_, err = io.Copy(h, f)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read embedded file: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return h.Sum(nil), nil
+}
+
 func SaveFile(file *multipart.FileHeader, dst string) error {
 	src, err := file.Open()
 	if err != nil {
@@ -136,3 +201,41 @@ func FileExists(path string) (bool, error) {
 	}
 	return !s.IsDir(), nil
 }
+
+// IsWritableDir checks if a directory exists and is writable
+func IsWritableDir(dir string) (bool, error) {
+	// Check if directory exists and it's actually a directory
+	info, err := os.Stat(dir)
+	if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		return false, nil
+	} else if err != nil {
+		return false, fmt.Errorf("failed to stat '%s': %w", dir, err)
+	}
+	if !info.IsDir() {
+		return false, nil
+	}
+
+	// Generate a random suffix for the test file to avoid conflicts
+	randomBytes := make([]byte, 8)
+	_, err = io.ReadFull(rand.Reader, randomBytes)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, fmt.Errorf("failed to generate random bytes: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Check if directory is writable by trying to create a temporary file
+	testFile := filepath.Join(dir, ".pocketid_test_write_"+hex.EncodeToString(randomBytes))
+	defer os.Remove(testFile)
+
+	file, err := os.Create(testFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		if os.IsPermission(err) || errors.Is(err, syscall.EROFS) {
+			return false, nil
+		}
+
+		return false, fmt.Errorf("failed to create test file: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	_ = file.Close()
+
+	return true, nil
+}

backend/internal/utils/file_util_test.go

@@ -2,8 +2,36 @@ package utils
 
 import (
 	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 )
 
+func TestSplitFileName(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		fullName string
+		wantName string
+		wantExt  string
+	}{
+		{"background.jpg", "background", "jpg"},
+		{"archive.tar.gz", "archive.tar", "gz"},
+		{".gitignore", ".gitignore", ""},
+		{"noext", "noext", ""},
+		{"a.b.c", "a.b", "c"},
+		{".hidden.ext", ".hidden", "ext"},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range tests {
+		t.Run(tc.fullName, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+			name, ext := SplitFileName(tc.fullName)
+			assert.Equal(t, tc.wantName, name)
+			assert.Equal(t, tc.wantExt, ext)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 func TestGetFileExtension(t *testing.T) {
 	tests := []struct {
 		name     string

backend/internal/utils/hash_util.go

@@ -3,9 +3,28 @@ package utils
 import (
 	"crypto/sha256"
 	"encoding/hex"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
 )
 
 func CreateSha256Hash(input string) string {
 	hash := sha256.Sum256([]byte(input))
 	return hex.EncodeToString(hash[:])
 }
+
+func CreateSha256FileHash(filePath string) ([]byte, error) {
+	f, err := os.Open(filePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to open file: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer f.Close()
+
+	h := sha256.New()
+	_, err = io.Copy(h, f)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read file: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return h.Sum(nil), nil
+}

backend/internal/utils/ip_util.go

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+package utils
+
+import (
+	"net"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/common"
+)
+
+var localIPv6Ranges []*net.IPNet
+
+var localhostIPNets = []*net.IPNet{
+	{IP: net.IPv4(127, 0, 0, 0), Mask: net.CIDRMask(8, 32)}, // 127.0.0.0/8
+	{IP: net.IPv6loopback, Mask: net.CIDRMask(128, 128)},    // ::1/128
+}
+
+var privateLanIPNets = []*net.IPNet{
+	{IP: net.IPv4(10, 0, 0, 0), Mask: net.CIDRMask(8, 32)},     // 10.0.0.0/8
+	{IP: net.IPv4(172, 16, 0, 0), Mask: net.CIDRMask(12, 32)},  // 172.16.0.0/12
+	{IP: net.IPv4(192, 168, 0, 0), Mask: net.CIDRMask(16, 32)}, // 192.168.0.0/16
+}
+
+var tailscaleIPNets = []*net.IPNet{
+	{IP: net.IPv4(100, 64, 0, 0), Mask: net.CIDRMask(10, 32)}, // 100.64.0.0/10
+}
+
+func IsLocalIPv6(ip net.IP) bool {
+	if ip.To4() != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	return listContainsIP(localIPv6Ranges, ip)
+}
+
+func IsLocalhostIP(ip net.IP) bool {
+	return listContainsIP(localhostIPNets, ip)
+}
+
+func IsPrivateLanIP(ip net.IP) bool {
+	if ip.To4() == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	return listContainsIP(privateLanIPNets, ip)
+}
+
+func IsTailscaleIP(ip net.IP) bool {
+	if ip.To4() == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	return listContainsIP(tailscaleIPNets, ip)
+}
+
+func IsPrivateIP(ip net.IP) bool {
+	return IsLocalhostIP(ip) || IsPrivateLanIP(ip) || IsTailscaleIP(ip) || IsLocalIPv6(ip)
+}
+
+func listContainsIP(ipNets []*net.IPNet, ip net.IP) bool {
+	for _, ipNet := range ipNets {
+		if ipNet.Contains(ip) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func loadLocalIPv6Ranges() {
+	localIPv6Ranges = nil
+	ranges := strings.Split(common.EnvConfig.LocalIPv6Ranges, ",")
+
+	for _, rangeStr := range ranges {
+		rangeStr = strings.TrimSpace(rangeStr)
+		if rangeStr == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		_, ipNet, err := net.ParseCIDR(rangeStr)
+		if err == nil {
+			localIPv6Ranges = append(localIPv6Ranges, ipNet)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func init() {
+	loadLocalIPv6Ranges()
+}

backend/internal/utils/ip_util_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+package utils
+
+import (
+	"net"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/common"
+)
+
+func TestIsLocalhostIP(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		ip       string
+		expected bool
+	}{
+		{"127.0.0.1", true},
+		{"127.255.255.255", true},
+		{"::1", true},
+		{"192.168.1.1", false},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		ip := net.ParseIP(tt.ip)
+		if got := IsLocalhostIP(ip); got != tt.expected {
+			t.Errorf("IsLocalhostIP(%s) = %v, want %v", tt.ip, got, tt.expected)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestIsPrivateLanIP(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		ip       string
+		expected bool
+	}{
+		{"10.0.0.1", true},
+		{"172.16.5.4", true},
+		{"192.168.100.200", true},
+		{"8.8.8.8", false},
+		{"::1", false}, // IPv6 should return false
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		ip := net.ParseIP(tt.ip)
+		if got := IsPrivateLanIP(ip); got != tt.expected {
+			t.Errorf("IsPrivateLanIP(%s) = %v, want %v", tt.ip, got, tt.expected)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestIsTailscaleIP(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		ip       string
+		expected bool
+	}{
+		{"100.64.0.1", true},
+		{"100.127.255.254", true},
+		{"8.8.8.8", false},
+		{"::1", false}, // IPv6 should return false
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		ip := net.ParseIP(tt.ip)
+		if got := IsTailscaleIP(ip); got != tt.expected {
+			t.Errorf("IsTailscaleIP(%s) = %v, want %v", tt.ip, got, tt.expected)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestIsLocalIPv6(t *testing.T) {
+	// Save and restore env config
+	origRanges := common.EnvConfig.LocalIPv6Ranges
+	defer func() { common.EnvConfig.LocalIPv6Ranges = origRanges }()
+
+	common.EnvConfig.LocalIPv6Ranges = "fd00::/8,fc00::/7"
+	localIPv6Ranges = nil // reset
+	loadLocalIPv6Ranges()
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		ip       string
+		expected bool
+	}{
+		{"fd00::1", true},
+		{"fc00::abcd", true},
+		{"::1", false},         // loopback handled separately
+		{"192.168.1.1", false}, // IPv4 should return false
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		ip := net.ParseIP(tt.ip)
+		if got := IsLocalIPv6(ip); got != tt.expected {
+			t.Errorf("IsLocalIPv6(%s) = %v, want %v", tt.ip, got, tt.expected)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestIsPrivateIP(t *testing.T) {
+	// Save and restore env config
+	origRanges := common.EnvConfig.LocalIPv6Ranges
+	defer func() { common.EnvConfig.LocalIPv6Ranges = origRanges }()
+
+	common.EnvConfig.LocalIPv6Ranges = "fd00::/8"
+	localIPv6Ranges = nil // reset
+	loadLocalIPv6Ranges()
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		ip       string
+		expected bool
+	}{
+		{"127.0.0.1", true},             // localhost
+		{"192.168.1.1", true},           // private LAN
+		{"100.64.0.1", true},            // Tailscale
+		{"fd00::1", true},               // local IPv6
+		{"8.8.8.8", false},              // public IPv4
+		{"2001:4860:4860::8888", false}, // public IPv6
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		ip := net.ParseIP(tt.ip)
+		if got := IsPrivateIP(ip); got != tt.expected {
+			t.Errorf("IsPrivateIP(%s) = %v, want %v", tt.ip, got, tt.expected)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestListContainsIP(t *testing.T) {
+	_, ipNet1, _ := net.ParseCIDR("10.0.0.0/8")
+	_, ipNet2, _ := net.ParseCIDR("192.168.0.0/16")
+
+	list := []*net.IPNet{ipNet1, ipNet2}
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		ip       string
+		expected bool
+	}{
+		{"10.1.1.1", true},
+		{"192.168.5.5", true},
+		{"172.16.0.1", false},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		ip := net.ParseIP(tt.ip)
+		if got := listContainsIP(list, ip); got != tt.expected {
+			t.Errorf("listContainsIP(%s) = %v, want %v", tt.ip, got, tt.expected)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestInit_LocalIPv6Ranges(t *testing.T) {
+	// Save and restore env config
+	origRanges := common.EnvConfig.LocalIPv6Ranges
+	defer func() { common.EnvConfig.LocalIPv6Ranges = origRanges }()
+
+	common.EnvConfig.LocalIPv6Ranges = "fd00::/8, invalidCIDR ,fc00::/7"
+	localIPv6Ranges = nil
+	loadLocalIPv6Ranges()
+
+	if len(localIPv6Ranges) != 2 {
+		t.Errorf("expected 2 valid IPv6 ranges, got %d", len(localIPv6Ranges))
+	}
+}

backend/internal/utils/jwk/key_provider_database.go

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/lestrrat-go/jwx/v3/jwk"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
+	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
 
 	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/model"
 	cryptoutils "github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/utils/crypto"
@@ -95,7 +96,14 @@ func (f *KeyProviderDatabase) SaveKey(key jwk.Key) error {
 
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 10*time.Second)
 	defer cancel()
-	err = f.db.WithContext(ctx).Create(&row).Error
+	err = f.db.
+		WithContext(ctx).
+		Clauses(clause.OnConflict{
+			Columns:   []clause.Column{{Name: "key"}},
+			DoUpdates: clause.AssignmentColumns([]string{"value"}),
+		}).
+		Create(&row).
+		Error
 	if err != nil {
 		// There's one scenario where if Pocket ID is started fresh with more than 1 replica, they both could be trying to create the private key in the database at the same time
 		// In this case, only one of the replicas will succeed; the other one(s) will return an error here, which will cascade down and cause the replica(s) to crash and be restarted (at that point they'll load the then-existing key from the database)

backend/internal/utils/ptr_util.go

@@ -1,5 +1,16 @@
 package utils
 
+// Ptr returns a pointer to the given value.
 func Ptr[T any](v T) *T {
 	return &v
 }
+
+// PtrOrNil returns a pointer to v if v is not the zero value of its type,
+// otherwise it returns nil.
+func PtrOrNil[T comparable](v T) *T {
+	var zero T
+	if v == zero {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return &v
+}

backend/internal/utils/testing/database.go

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ func NewDatabaseForTest(t *testing.T) *gorm.DB {
 
 	// Connect to a new in-memory SQL database
 	db, err := gorm.Open(
-		sqlite.Open("file:"+dbName+"?mode=memory&cache=shared"),
+		sqlite.Open("file:"+dbName+"?mode=memory"),
 		&gorm.Config{
 			TranslateError: true,
 			Logger: logger.New(
@@ -52,10 +52,17 @@ func NewDatabaseForTest(t *testing.T) *gorm.DB {
 		})
 	require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to connect to test database")
 
-	// Perform migrations with the embedded migrations
 	sqlDB, err := db.DB()
 	require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to get sql.DB")
-	driver, err := sqliteMigrate.WithInstance(sqlDB, &sqliteMigrate.Config{})
+
+	// For in-memory SQLite databases, we must limit to 1 open connection at the same time, or they won't see the whole data
+	// The other workaround, of using shared caches, doesn't work well with multiple write transactions trying to happen at once
+	sqlDB.SetMaxOpenConns(1)
+
+	// Perform migrations with the embedded migrations
+	driver, err := sqliteMigrate.WithInstance(sqlDB, &sqliteMigrate.Config{
+		NoTxWrap: true,
+	})
 	require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to create migration driver")
 	source, err := iofs.New(resources.FS, "migrations/sqlite")
 	require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to create embedded migration source")
@@ -63,6 +70,8 @@ func NewDatabaseForTest(t *testing.T) *gorm.DB {
 	require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to create migration instance")
 	err = m.Up()
 	require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to perform migrations")
+	_, err = sqlDB.Exec("PRAGMA foreign_keys = OFF;")
+	require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to disable foreign keys")
 
 	return db
 }

backend/resources/email-templates/api-key-expiring-soon_html.tmpl

@@ -1,17 +1,3 @@
-{{ define "base" }}
-    <div class="header">
-        <div class="logo">
-            <img src="{{ .LogoURL }}" alt="{{ .AppName }}" width="32" height="32" style="width: 32px; height: 32px; max-width: 32px;"/>
-            <h1>{{ .AppName }}</h1>
-        </div>
-        <div class="warning">Warning</div>
-    </div>
-    <div class="content">
-        <h2>API Key Expiring Soon</h2>
-        <p>
-            Hello {{ .Data.Name }},<br/><br/>
-            This is a reminder that your API key <strong>{{ .Data.ApiKeyName }}</strong> will expire on <strong>{{ .Data.ExpiresAt.Format "2006-01-02 15:04:05 MST" }}</strong>.<br/><br/>
-            Please generate a new API key if you need continued access.
-        </p>
-    </div>
-{{ end }}
+{{define "root"}}<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html dir="ltr" lang="en"><head><link rel="preload" as="image" href="{{.LogoURL}}"/><meta content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" http-equiv="Content-Type"/><meta name="x-apple-disable-message-reformatting"/></head><body style="padding:50px;background-color:#FBFBFB;font-family:Arial, sans-serif"><!--$--><table align="center" width="100%" border="0" cellPadding="0" cellSpacing="0" role="presentation" style="max-width:37.5em;width:500px;margin:0 auto"><tbody><tr style="width:100%"><td><table align="center" width="100%" border="0" cellPadding="0" cellSpacing="0" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td><table align="left" width="100%" border="0" cellPadding="0" cellSpacing="0" role="presentation" style="margin-bottom:16px"><tbody style="width:100%"><tr style="width:100%"><td data-id="__react-email-column" style="width:50px">
+<img alt="{{.AppName}}" height="32" src="{{.LogoURL}}" style="display:block;outline:none;border:none;text-decoration:none;width:32px;height:32px;vertical-align:middle" width="32"/></td><td data-id="__react-email-column"><p style="font-size:23px;line-height:24px;font-weight:bold;margin:0;padding:0;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0">{{.AppName}}</p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><div style="background-color:white;padding:24px;border-radius:10px;box-shadow:0 1px 4px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1)"><table align="center" width="100%" border="0" cellPadding="0" cellSpacing="0" role="presentation"><tbody style="width:100%"><tr style="width:100%"><td data-id="__react-email-column"><h1 style="font-size:20px;font-weight:bold;margin:0">API Key Expiring Soon</h1></td><td align="right" data-id="__react-email-column">
+<p style="font-size:12px;line-height:24px;background-color:#ffd966;color:#7f6000;padding:1px 12px;border-radius:50px;display:inline-block;margin:0;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0">Warning</p></td></tr></tbody></table><p style="font-size:14px;line-height:24px;margin-top:16px;margin-bottom:16px">Hello <!-- -->{{.Data.Name}}<!-- -->, <br/>This is a reminder that your API key <strong>{{.Data.APIKeyName}}</strong> <!-- -->will expire on <strong>{{.Data.ExpiresAt.Format "2006-01-02 15:04:05 MST"}}</strong>.</p><p style="font-size:14px;line-height:24px;margin-top:16px;margin-bottom:16px">Please generate a new API key if you need continued access.</p></div></td></tr></tbody></table><!--7--><!--/$--></body></html>{{end}}

backend/resources/email-templates/api-key-expiring-soon_text.tmpl

@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
-{{ define "base" -}}
-API Key Expiring Soon
-====================
+{{define "root"}}{{.AppName}}
 
-Hello {{ .Data.Name }},
 
-This is a reminder that your API key "{{ .Data.ApiKeyName }}" will expire on {{ .Data.ExpiresAt.Format "2006-01-02 15:04:05 MST" }}.
+API KEY EXPIRING SOON
 
-Please generate a new API key if you need continued access.
-{{ end -}}
+Warning
+
+Hello {{.Data.Name}},
+This is a reminder that your API key {{.Data.APIKeyName}} will expire on
+{{.Data.ExpiresAt.Format "2006-01-02 15:04:05 MST"}}.
+
+Please generate a new API key if you need continued access.{{end}}

backend/resources/email-templates/components/email_html.tmpl

@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-{{ define "root" }}
-<html lang="en">
-<head>
-    <meta charset="UTF-8">
-    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
-    {{ template "style" . }}
-</head>
-<body>
-    <div class="container">
-        {{ template "base" . }}
-    </div>
-</body>
-</html>
-{{ end }}

backend/resources/email-templates/components/email_text.tmpl

@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-{{- define "root" -}}
-{{- template "base" . -}}
-{{- end }}
-
-
---
-This is automatically sent email from {{.AppName}}.

backend/resources/email-templates/components/style_html.tmpl

@@ -1,92 +0,0 @@
-{{ define "style" }}
-<style>
-/* Reset styles for email clients */
- body, table, td, p, a {
-     margin: 0;
-     padding: 0;
-     border: 0;
-     font-size: 100%;
-     font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
-     line-height: 1.5;
-}
- body {
-     background-color: #f0f0f0;
-     color: #333;
-}
- .container {
-     width: 100%;
-     max-width: 600px;
-     margin: 40px auto;
-     background-color: #fff;
-     border-radius: 10px;
-     box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
-     padding: 32px;
-}
- .header {
-     display: flex;
-     margin-bottom: 24px;
-}
- .header .logo img {
-     width: 32px;
-     height: 32px;
-     vertical-align: middle;
-}
- .header h1 {
-     font-size: 1.5rem;
-     font-weight: bold;
-     display: inline-block;
-     vertical-align: middle;
-     margin-left: 8px;
-}
- .warning {
-     background-color: #ffd966;
-     color: #7f6000;
-     padding: 4px 12px;
-     border-radius: 50px;
-     font-size: 0.875rem;
-     margin: auto 0 auto auto;
-}
- .content {
-     background-color: #fafafa;
-     padding: 24px;
-     border-radius: 10px;
-}
- .content h2 {
-     font-size: 1.25rem;
-     font-weight: bold;
-     margin-bottom: 16px;
-}
- .grid {
-     width: 100%;
-     margin-bottom: 16px;
-}
- .grid td {
-     width: 50%;
-     padding-bottom: 8px;
-     vertical-align: top;
-}
- .label {
-     color: #888;
-     font-size: 0.875rem;
-}
- .message {
-     font-size: 1rem;
-     line-height: 1.5;
-     margin-top: 16px;
-}
- .button {
-     background-color: #000000;
-     color: #ffffff;
-     padding: 0.7rem 1.5rem;
-     text-decoration: none;
-     border-radius: 4px;
-     font-size: 1rem;
-     font-weight: 500;
-     display: inline-block;
-     margin-top: 24px;
-}
- .button-container {
-     text-align: center;
-}
-</style>
-{{ end }}

backend/resources/email-templates/login-with-new-device_html.tmpl

@@ -1,40 +1,5 @@
-{{ define "base" }}
-<div class="header">
-   <div class="logo">
-      <img src="{{ .LogoURL }}" alt="{{ .AppName }}" width="32" height="32" style="width: 32px; height: 32px; max-width: 32px;"/>
-      <h1>{{ .AppName }}</h1>
-   </div>
-   <div class="warning">Warning</div>
-</div>
-<div class="content">
-   <h2>New Sign-In Detected</h2>
-   <table class="grid">
-      <tr>
-         {{ if and .Data.City .Data.Country }}
-         <td>
-            <p class="label">Approximate Location</p>
-            <p>{{ .Data.City }}, {{ .Data.Country }}</p>
-         </td>
-         {{ end }}
-         <td>
-            <p class="label">IP Address</p>
-            <p>{{ .Data.IPAddress }}</p>
-         </td>
-      </tr>
-      <tr>
-         <td>
-            <p class="label">Device</p>
-            <p>{{ .Data.Device }}</p>
-         </td>
-         <td>
-            <p class="label">Sign-In Time</p>
-            <p>{{ .Data.DateTime.Format "2006-01-02 15:04:05 UTC" }}</p>
-         </td>
-      </tr>
-   </table>
-   <p class="message">
-      This sign-in was detected from a new device or location. If you recognize this activity, you can
-      safely ignore this message. If not, please review your account and security settings.
-   </p>
-</div>
-{{ end -}}
+{{define "root"}}<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html dir="ltr" lang="en"><head><link rel="preload" as="image" href="{{.LogoURL}}"/><meta content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" http-equiv="Content-Type"/><meta name="x-apple-disable-message-reformatting"/></head><body style="padding:50px;background-color:#FBFBFB;font-family:Arial, sans-serif"><!--$--><table align="center" width="100%" border="0" cellPadding="0" cellSpacing="0" role="presentation" style="max-width:37.5em;width:500px;margin:0 auto"><tbody><tr style="width:100%"><td><table align="center" width="100%" border="0" cellPadding="0" cellSpacing="0" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td><table align="left" width="100%" border="0" cellPadding="0" cellSpacing="0" role="presentation" style="margin-bottom:16px"><tbody style="width:100%"><tr style="width:100%"><td data-id="__react-email-column" style="width:50px">
+<img alt="{{.AppName}}" height="32" src="{{.LogoURL}}" style="display:block;outline:none;border:none;text-decoration:none;width:32px;height:32px;vertical-align:middle" width="32"/></td><td data-id="__react-email-column"><p style="font-size:23px;line-height:24px;font-weight:bold;margin:0;padding:0;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0">{{.AppName}}</p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><div style="background-color:white;padding:24px;border-radius:10px;box-shadow:0 1px 4px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1)"><table align="center" width="100%" border="0" cellPadding="0" cellSpacing="0" role="presentation"><tbody style="width:100%"><tr style="width:100%"><td data-id="__react-email-column"><h1 style="font-size:20px;font-weight:bold;margin:0">New Sign-In Detected</h1></td><td align="right" data-id="__react-email-column">
+<p style="font-size:12px;line-height:24px;background-color:#ffd966;color:#7f6000;padding:1px 12px;border-radius:50px;display:inline-block;margin:0;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0">Warning</p></td></tr></tbody></table><p style="font-size:14px;line-height:24px;margin-top:16px;margin-bottom:16px">Your <!-- -->{{.AppName}}<!-- --> account was recently accessed from a new IP address or browser. If you recognize this activity, no further action is required.</p><h4 style="font-size:1rem;font-weight:bold;margin:30px 0 10px 0">Details</h4><table align="center" width="100%" border="0" cellPadding="0" cellSpacing="0" role="presentation"><tbody style="width:100%"><tr style="width:100%"><td data-id="__react-email-column" style="width:225px"><p style="font-size:12px;line-height:24px;margin:0;color:gray;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0">Approximate Location</p>
+<p style="font-size:14px;line-height:24px;margin:0;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0">{{if and .Data.City .Data.Country}}{{.Data.City}}, {{.Data.Country}}{{else if .Data.Country}}{{.Data.Country}}{{else}}Unknown{{end}}</p></td><td data-id="__react-email-column" style="width:225px"><p style="font-size:12px;line-height:24px;margin:0;color:gray;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0">IP Address</p><p style="font-size:14px;line-height:24px;margin:0;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0">{{.Data.IPAddress}}</p></td></tr></tbody></table><table align="center" width="100%" border="0" cellPadding="0" cellSpacing="0" role="presentation" style="margin-top:10px"><tbody style="width:100%"><tr style="width:100%"><td data-id="__react-email-column" style="width:225px"><p style="font-size:12px;line-height:24px;margin:0;color:gray;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0">Device</p>
+<p style="font-size:14px;line-height:24px;margin:0;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0">{{.Data.Device}}</p></td><td data-id="__react-email-column" style="width:225px"><p style="font-size:12px;line-height:24px;margin:0;color:gray;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0">Sign-In Time</p><p style="font-size:14px;line-height:24px;margin:0;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0">{{.Data.DateTime.Format "January 2, 2006 at 3:04 PM MST"}}</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><!--7--><!--/$--></body></html>{{end}}

backend/resources/email-templates/login-with-new-device_text.tmpl

@@ -1,15 +1,28 @@
-{{ define "base" -}}
-New Sign-In Detected
-====================
+{{define "root"}}{{.AppName}}
 
-{{ if and .Data.City .Data.Country }}
-Approximate Location: {{ .Data.City }}, {{ .Data.Country }}
-{{ end }}
-IP Address: {{ .Data.IPAddress }}
-Device:     {{ .Data.Device }}
-Time:       {{ .Data.DateTime.Format "2006-01-02 15:04:05 UTC"}}
 
-This sign-in was detected from a new device or location. If you recognize
-this activity, you can safely ignore this message. If not, please review
-your account and security settings.
-{{ end -}}
+NEW SIGN-IN DETECTED
+
+Warning
+
+Your {{.AppName}} account was recently accessed from a new IP address or
+browser. If you recognize this activity, no further action is required.
+
+DETAILS
+
+Approximate Location
+
+{{if and .Data.City .Data.Country}}{{.Data.City}}, {{.Data.Country}}{{else if
+.Data.Country}}{{.Data.Country}}{{else}}Unknown{{end}}
+
+IP Address
+
+{{.Data.IPAddress}}
+
+Device
+
+{{.Data.Device}}
+
+Sign-In Time
+
+{{.Data.DateTime.Format "January 2, 2006 at 3:04 PM MST"}}{{end}}

backend/resources/email-templates/one-time-access_html.tmpl

@@ -1,17 +1,4 @@
-{{ define "base" }}
-    <div class="header">
-        <div class="logo">
-            <img src="{{ .LogoURL }}" alt="{{ .AppName }}" width="32" height="32" style="width: 32px; height: 32px; max-width: 32px;"/>
-            <h1>{{ .AppName }}</h1>
-        </div>
-    </div>
-    <div class="content">
-        <h2>Login Code</h2>
-        <p class="message">
-            Click the button below to sign in to {{ .AppName }} with a login code.</br>Or visit <a href="{{ .Data.LoginLink }}">{{ .Data.LoginLink }}</a> and enter the code <strong>{{ .Data.Code }}</strong>.</br></br>This code expires in {{.Data.ExpirationString}}.
-        </p>
-        <div class="button-container">
-            <a class="button" href="{{ .Data.LoginLinkWithCode }}" class="button">Sign In</a>
-        </div>
-    </div>
-{{ end -}}
+{{define "root"}}<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html dir="ltr" lang="en"><head><link rel="preload" as="image" href="{{.LogoURL}}"/><meta content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" http-equiv="Content-Type"/><meta name="x-apple-disable-message-reformatting"/></head><body style="padding:50px;background-color:#FBFBFB;font-family:Arial, sans-serif"><!--$--><table align="center" width="100%" border="0" cellPadding="0" cellSpacing="0" role="presentation" style="max-width:37.5em;width:500px;margin:0 auto"><tbody><tr style="width:100%"><td><table align="center" width="100%" border="0" cellPadding="0" cellSpacing="0" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td><table align="left" width="100%" border="0" cellPadding="0" cellSpacing="0" role="presentation" style="margin-bottom:16px"><tbody style="width:100%"><tr style="width:100%"><td data-id="__react-email-column" style="width:50px">
+<img alt="{{.AppName}}" height="32" src="{{.LogoURL}}" style="display:block;outline:none;border:none;text-decoration:none;width:32px;height:32px;vertical-align:middle" width="32"/></td><td data-id="__react-email-column"><p style="font-size:23px;line-height:24px;font-weight:bold;margin:0;padding:0;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0">{{.AppName}}</p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><div style="background-color:white;padding:24px;border-radius:10px;box-shadow:0 1px 4px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1)"><table align="center" width="100%" border="0" cellPadding="0" cellSpacing="0" role="presentation"><tbody style="width:100%"><tr style="width:100%"><td data-id="__react-email-column"><h1 style="font-size:20px;font-weight:bold;margin:0">Your Login Code</h1></td><td align="right" data-id="__react-email-column"></td></tr></tbody></table><p style="font-size:14px;line-height:24px;margin-top:16px;margin-bottom:16px">Click the button below to sign in to <!-- -->
+{{.AppName}}<!-- --> with a login code.<br/>Or visit<!-- --> <a href="{{.Data.LoginLink}}" style="color:#000;text-decoration-line:none;text-decoration:underline;font-family:Arial, sans-serif" target="_blank">{{.Data.LoginLink}}</a> <!-- -->and enter the code <strong>{{.Data.Code}}</strong>.<br/><br/>This code expires in <!-- -->{{.Data.ExpirationString}}<!-- -->.</p><div style="text-align:center"><a href="{{.Data.LoginLinkWithCode}}" style="line-height:100%;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;max-width:100%;mso-padding-alt:0px;background-color:#000000;color:#ffffff;padding:12px 24px;border-radius:4px;font-size:15px;font-weight:500;cursor:pointer;margin-top:10px;padding-top:12px;padding-right:24px;padding-bottom:12px;padding-left:24px" target="_blank"><span><!--[if mso]><i style="mso-font-width:400%;mso-text-raise:18" hidden>&#8202;&#8202;&#8202;</i><![endif]--></span><span style="max-width:100%;display:inline-block;line-height:120%;mso-padding-alt:0px;mso-text-raise:9px">
+Sign In</span><span><!--[if mso]><i style="mso-font-width:400%" hidden>&#8202;&#8202;&#8202;&#8203;</i><![endif]--></span></a></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><!--7--><!--/$--></body></html>{{end}}

backend/resources/email-templates/one-time-access_text.tmpl

@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
-{{ define "base" -}}
-Login Code
-====================
+{{define "root"}}{{.AppName}}
 
-Click the link below to sign in to {{ .AppName }} with a login code. This code expires in {{.Data.ExpirationString}}.
 
-{{ .Data.LoginLinkWithCode }}
+YOUR LOGIN CODE
 
-Or visit {{ .Data.LoginLink }} and enter the the code "{{ .Data.Code }}".
-{{ end -}}
+Click the button below to sign in to {{.AppName}} with a login code.
+Or visit {{.Data.LoginLink}} {{.Data.LoginLink}} and enter the code
+{{.Data.Code}}.
+
+This code expires in {{.Data.ExpirationString}}.
+
+Sign In {{.Data.LoginLinkWithCode}}{{end}}

backend/resources/email-templates/test_html.tmpl

@@ -1,11 +1,3 @@
-{{ define "base" -}}
-    <div class="header">
-        <div class="logo">
-            <img src="{{ .LogoURL }}" alt="{{ .AppName }}"/>
-            <h1>{{ .AppName }}</h1>
-        </div>
-    </div>
-    <div class="content">
-        <p>This is a test email.</p>
-    </div>
-{{ end -}}
+{{define "root"}}<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html dir="ltr" lang="en"><head><link rel="preload" as="image" href="{{.LogoURL}}"/><meta content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" http-equiv="Content-Type"/><meta name="x-apple-disable-message-reformatting"/></head><body style="padding:50px;background-color:#FBFBFB;font-family:Arial, sans-serif"><!--$--><table align="center" width="100%" border="0" cellPadding="0" cellSpacing="0" role="presentation" style="max-width:37.5em;width:500px;margin:0 auto"><tbody><tr style="width:100%"><td><table align="center" width="100%" border="0" cellPadding="0" cellSpacing="0" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td><table align="left" width="100%" border="0" cellPadding="0" cellSpacing="0" role="presentation" style="margin-bottom:16px"><tbody style="width:100%"><tr style="width:100%"><td data-id="__react-email-column" style="width:50px">
+<img alt="{{.AppName}}" height="32" src="{{.LogoURL}}" style="display:block;outline:none;border:none;text-decoration:none;width:32px;height:32px;vertical-align:middle" width="32"/></td><td data-id="__react-email-column"><p style="font-size:23px;line-height:24px;font-weight:bold;margin:0;padding:0;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0">{{.AppName}}</p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><div style="background-color:white;padding:24px;border-radius:10px;box-shadow:0 1px 4px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1)"><table align="center" width="100%" border="0" cellPadding="0" cellSpacing="0" role="presentation"><tbody style="width:100%"><tr style="width:100%"><td data-id="__react-email-column"><h1 style="font-size:20px;font-weight:bold;margin:0">Test Email</h1></td><td align="right" data-id="__react-email-column"></td></tr></tbody></table><p style="font-size:14px;line-height:24px;margin-top:16px;margin-bottom:16px">Your email setup is working correctly!</p></div></td>
+</tr></tbody></table><!--7--><!--/$--></body></html>{{end}}

backend/resources/email-templates/test_text.tmpl

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
-{{ define "base" -}}
-This is a test email.
-{{ end -}}
+{{define "root"}}{{.AppName}}
+
+
+TEST EMAIL
+
+Your email setup is working correctly!{{end}}

backend/resources/files.go

@@ -4,5 +4,5 @@ import "embed"
 
 // Embedded file systems for the project
 
-//go:embed email-templates images migrations fonts aaguids.json
+//go:embed email-templates/*.tmpl images migrations fonts aaguids.json
 var FS embed.FS

backend/resources/migrations/postgres/20250822000000_foreign_keys_improvements.down.sql

@@ -1 +1,7 @@
--- No-op
+ALTER TABLE public.audit_logs
+    DROP CONSTRAINT IF EXISTS audit_logs_user_id_fkey,
+    ADD CONSTRAINT audit_logs_user_id_fkey
+        FOREIGN KEY (user_id) REFERENCES public.users (id);
+
+ALTER TABLE public.oidc_authorization_codes
+    DROP CONSTRAINT IF EXISTS oidc_authorization_codes_client_fk;

backend/resources/migrations/postgres/20250824164821_client_id_type.down.sql

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+-- No-op because strings can't be converted to UUIDs

backend/resources/migrations/postgres/20250824164821_client_id_type.up.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+-- Drop foreign keys that reference oidc_clients(id)
+ALTER TABLE oidc_authorization_codes
+    DROP CONSTRAINT IF EXISTS oidc_authorization_codes_client_fk;
+ALTER TABLE user_authorized_oidc_clients
+    DROP CONSTRAINT IF EXISTS user_authorized_oidc_clients_client_id_fkey;
+ALTER TABLE oidc_refresh_tokens
+    DROP CONSTRAINT IF EXISTS oidc_refresh_tokens_client_id_fkey;
+ALTER TABLE oidc_device_codes
+    DROP CONSTRAINT IF EXISTS oidc_device_codes_client_id_fkey;
+ALTER TABLE oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups
+    DROP CONSTRAINT IF EXISTS oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups_oidc_client_id_fkey;
+
+-- Alter child columns to TEXT
+ALTER TABLE oidc_authorization_codes
+    ALTER COLUMN client_id TYPE TEXT USING client_id::text;
+
+ALTER TABLE user_authorized_oidc_clients
+    ALTER
+        COLUMN client_id TYPE TEXT USING client_id::text;
+
+ALTER TABLE oidc_refresh_tokens
+    ALTER
+        COLUMN client_id TYPE TEXT USING client_id::text;
+
+ALTER TABLE oidc_device_codes
+    ALTER
+        COLUMN client_id TYPE TEXT USING client_id::text;
+
+ALTER TABLE oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups
+    ALTER
+        COLUMN oidc_client_id TYPE TEXT USING oidc_client_id::text;
+
+-- Alter parent primary key column to TEXT
+ALTER TABLE oidc_clients
+    ALTER
+        COLUMN id TYPE TEXT USING id::text;
+
+-- Recreate foreign keys with the new type
+ALTER TABLE oidc_authorization_codes
+    ADD CONSTRAINT oidc_authorization_codes_client_fk
+        FOREIGN KEY (client_id) REFERENCES oidc_clients (id) ON DELETE CASCADE;
+
+ALTER TABLE user_authorized_oidc_clients
+    ADD CONSTRAINT user_authorized_oidc_clients_client_id_fkey
+        FOREIGN KEY (client_id) REFERENCES oidc_clients (id) ON DELETE CASCADE;
+
+ALTER TABLE oidc_refresh_tokens
+    ADD CONSTRAINT oidc_refresh_tokens_client_id_fkey
+        FOREIGN KEY (client_id) REFERENCES oidc_clients (id) ON DELETE CASCADE;
+
+ALTER TABLE oidc_device_codes
+    ADD CONSTRAINT oidc_device_codes_client_id_fkey
+        FOREIGN KEY (client_id) REFERENCES oidc_clients (id) ON DELETE CASCADE;
+
+ALTER TABLE oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups
+    ADD CONSTRAINT oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups_oidc_client_id_fkey
+        FOREIGN KEY (oidc_client_id) REFERENCES oidc_clients (id) ON DELETE CASCADE;

backend/resources/migrations/postgres/20250917170000_user_display_name_and_username.down.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+ALTER TABLE users DROP COLUMN display_name;
+
+ALTER TABLE users ALTER COLUMN username TYPE TEXT;

backend/resources/migrations/postgres/20250917170000_user_display_name_and_username.up.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+ALTER TABLE users ADD COLUMN display_name TEXT;
+UPDATE users SET display_name = trim(coalesce(first_name,'') || ' ' || coalesce(last_name,''));
+ALTER TABLE users ALTER COLUMN display_name SET NOT NULL;
+
+CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS citext;
+ALTER TABLE users ALTER COLUMN username TYPE CITEXT COLLATE "C";

backend/resources/migrations/postgres/20251001115300_optional_email.down.sql

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+-- No-op because email was optional before the migration

backend/resources/migrations/postgres/20251001115300_optional_email.up.sql

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ALTER TABLE users ALTER COLUMN email DROP NOT NULL;

backend/resources/migrations/sqlite/20240731203656_init.up.sql

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+PRAGMA foreign_keys=OFF;
+BEGIN;
 CREATE TABLE users
 (
     id         TEXT                  NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
@@ -77,4 +79,6 @@ CREATE TABLE application_configuration_variables
     type        TEXT                  NOT NULL,
     is_public   NUMERIC DEFAULT FALSE NOT NULL,
     is_internal NUMERIC DEFAULT FALSE NOT NULL
-);
+);
+COMMIT;
+PRAGMA foreign_keys=ON;

backend/resources/migrations/sqlite/20240813211251_passkey_backup_flags..up.sql

@@ -1,2 +1,6 @@
+PRAGMA foreign_keys=OFF;
+BEGIN;
 ALTER TABLE webauthn_credentials ADD COLUMN backup_eligible BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT FALSE;
-ALTER TABLE webauthn_credentials ADD COLUMN backup_state BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT FALSE;
+ALTER TABLE webauthn_credentials ADD COLUMN backup_state BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT FALSE;
+COMMIT;
+PRAGMA foreign_keys=ON;

backend/resources/migrations/sqlite/20240813211251_passkey_backup_flags.down.sql

@@ -1,2 +1,6 @@
+PRAGMA foreign_keys=OFF;
+BEGIN;
 ALTER TABLE webauthn_credentials DROP COLUMN backup_eligible;
-ALTER TABLE webauthn_credentials DROP COLUMN backup_state;
+ALTER TABLE webauthn_credentials DROP COLUMN backup_state;
+COMMIT;
+PRAGMA foreign_keys=ON;

backend/resources/migrations/sqlite/20240817191051_rename_config_table.down.sql

@@ -1,2 +1,6 @@
+PRAGMA foreign_keys=OFF;
+BEGIN;
 ALTER TABLE app_config_variables
-    RENAME TO application_configuration_variables;
+    RENAME TO application_configuration_variables;
+COMMIT;
+PRAGMA foreign_keys=ON;

backend/resources/migrations/sqlite/20240817191051_rename_config_table.up.sql

@@ -1,2 +1,6 @@
+PRAGMA foreign_keys=OFF;
+BEGIN;
 ALTER TABLE application_configuration_variables
-    RENAME TO app_config_variables;
+    RENAME TO app_config_variables;
+COMMIT;
+PRAGMA foreign_keys=ON;

backend/resources/migrations/sqlite/20240820205521_multiple_callback_urls.down.sql

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+PRAGMA foreign_keys=OFF;
+BEGIN;
 create table oidc_clients
 (
     id            TEXT not null primary key,
@@ -20,4 +22,6 @@ select id,
        created_by_id
 from oidc_clients_dg_tmp;
 
-drop table oidc_clients_dg_tmp;
+drop table oidc_clients_dg_tmp;
+COMMIT;
+PRAGMA foreign_keys=ON;

backend/resources/migrations/sqlite/20240820205521_multiple_callback_urls.up.sql

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+PRAGMA foreign_keys=OFF;
+BEGIN;
 create table oidc_clients_dg_tmp
 (
     id            TEXT not null primary key,
@@ -23,4 +25,6 @@ from oidc_clients;
 drop table oidc_clients;
 
 alter table oidc_clients_dg_tmp
-    rename to oidc_clients;
+    rename to oidc_clients;
+COMMIT;
+PRAGMA foreign_keys=ON;

backend/resources/migrations/sqlite/20240908123031_audit_log.down.sql

@@ -1 +1,5 @@
-DROP TABLE audit_logs;
+PRAGMA foreign_keys=OFF;
+BEGIN;
+DROP TABLE audit_logs;
+COMMIT;
+PRAGMA foreign_keys=ON;

backend/resources/migrations/sqlite/20240908123031_audit_log.up.sql

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+PRAGMA foreign_keys=OFF;
+BEGIN;
 CREATE TABLE audit_logs
 (
     id               TEXT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
@@ -7,4 +9,6 @@ CREATE TABLE audit_logs
     user_agent       TEXT NOT NULL,
     data             BLOB NOT NULL,
     user_id          TEXT REFERENCES users
-);
+);
+COMMIT;
+PRAGMA foreign_keys=ON;

backend/resources/migrations/sqlite/20240924202721_user_groups.down.sql

@@ -1,2 +1,6 @@
+PRAGMA foreign_keys=OFF;
+BEGIN;
 DROP TABLE user_groups;
-DROP TABLE user_groups_users;
+DROP TABLE user_groups_users;
+COMMIT;
+PRAGMA foreign_keys=ON;